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Validity Generalization A Critical Review Volume in the Applied Psychology Series 1st Edition by Kevin R Murphy ISBN 0805841148 9780805841145

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Author(s): Kevin R. Murphy
ISBN(s): 9780805841145, 0805841148
Edition: 1
File Details: PDF, 25.34 MB
Year: 2002
Language: english
SKU: EB-2170018 Category: Tag:

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ISBN 10: 0805841148
ISBN 13: 9780805841145
Author: Kevin R Murphy

This volume presents the first wide-ranging critical review of validity generalization (VG)–a method that has dominated the field since the publication of Schmidt and Hunter’s (1977) paper “Development of a General Solution to the Problem of Validity Generalization.” This paper and the work that followed had a profound impact on the science and practice of applied psychology. The research suggests that fundamental relationships among tests and criteria, and the constructs they represent are simpler and more regular than they appear. Looking at the history of the VG model and its impact on personnel psychology, top scholars and leading researchers of the field review the accomplishments of the model, as well as the continuing controversies. Several chapters significantly extend the maximum likelihood estimation with existing models for meta analysis and VG. Reviewing 25 years of progress in the field, this volume shows how the model can be extended and applied to new problems and domains. This book will be important to researchers and graduate students in the areas of industrial organizational psychology and statistics.

Validity Generalization A Critical Review Volume in the Applied Psychology Series 1st Table of contents:

1. The Logic of Validity Generalization

  • Methods of Meta-Analysis

  • Validity Generalization: The Basic Rationale

  • Corrections to the Mean

  • Corrections to the Variance

  • VG: The Inferential Model

  • Are Alternative Models Plausible?

  • Key Assumptions of the VG Model

  • Testing Meta-Analytic Models

  • Some Conclusions About VG Models and Their Alternatives

  • Validity Generalization Versus Situational Specificity of Validities

  • Distinguishing Between Validity Generalization and Situational Specificity

  • What Inferences can be Drawn from Tests of Situational Specificity?

  • Strong Inferences from Weak Data

  • References

2. History, Development, Evolution, and Impact of Validity Generalization and Meta-Analysis Methods, 1975–2001

  • Early History and Development

  • Background and Origins

  • Developments Following Origins

  • The Largest VG Project in History: The GATB VG Program

  • Recent History: Further Developments

  • Refinements to Increase Accuracy of the SDρ Estimate

  • The Argument for Large N Studies

  • Bayesian Models in VG

  • Standard Errors of Model Estimates

  • Fixed and Random Effects Models in VG and Meta-Analysis

  • Accuracy of Different Random Effects Models

  • Accuracy of Corrections for Artifacts

  • The Broader View: Where Are We Now

  • References

3. Meta-Analysis and Validity Generalization as Research Tools: Issues of Sample Bias and Degrees of Mis-Specification

  • Concerns about Meta-Analysis

  • Bias in Cumulated Effect Sizes: The Issue of Incongruous Samples

  • Methods and Construct Confounds

  • Miscellaneous Biasing Issues

  • Levels of Analysis

  • Dependent Samples

  • Composites of Multifaceted Constructs

  • Degrees of Model Mis-Specification and Recent Meta-Analyses

    • Hurtz and Donovan (2000)

    • Organ and Ryan (1995)

    • Hom, Caranikas-Walker, Prussia, and Griffeth (1992)

    • Mathieu and Zajac (1990)

    • Lee, Carswell, and Allen (2000)

    • Donovan and Radosevich (1999)

    • Colquitt, LePine, and Noe (2000)

  • Summary of Model Mis-Specification Issues

  • A Statistical Issue

  • A Practical Issue

  • Summary

  • References

4. The Status of Validity Generalization Research: Key Issues in Drawing Inferences From Cumulative Research Findings

  • The “Forty Questions” Debate

  • Validity Generalization and Professional Standards

  • Treatment of Validity Generalization by the National Academy of Sciences (NAS)

  • Key Issues in Interpreting Validity Generalization Findings

    • Issue 1: Construct and Domain Specification

    • Issue 2: Statistical Power

    • Issue 3: The Assumption of an Unbiased Sample

    • Issue 4: Comparing Findings Across Domains

    • Issue 5: Assumptions in Correcting for Unreliability and Range Restriction

  • Discussion

  • References

5. Progress is Our Most Important Product: Contributions of Validity Generalization and Meta-Analysis to the Development and Communication of Knowledge in I/O Psychology

  • Meta-Analysis as a Research Method

  • Distinctive Features of the Hunter-Schmidt Method

  • The Critical Contribution of Meta-Analytic Methodology

  • Advantages of the Hunter-Schmidt Method

  • Substantive Contributions of Meta-Analyses to Cumulative Knowledge in Personnel Selection

    • The Hunter and Hirsh Review

    • Results of Meta-Analyses of “Alternative” Predictors

    • Applications to Personality-Job Performance

    • Moderators of Personality-Performance

    • Applications to Employment Interview

  • Suggestions for Enhancing Meta-Analysis

  • Conclusion

  • Acknowledgments

  • References

6. Validity Generalization: Then and Now

  • Introduction

  • An Overview

  • The Limits of Inference

  • A Short Psychometric Tour

  • Pre-Meta-Analysis Literature Reviews

  • The Advent of Meta-Analysis

  • A Harbinger of Things to Come: Differential Validity

  • Utility, G, and Moderator Variables

  • The Psychometric Smackdown

  • 1985: 40 Questions and 17 Answers

  • Science

  • VG and Professional and Legal Standards

    • The Uniform Guidelines

    • The APA Standards

    • The SIOP Principles

    • Case Law

  • VG and the Practice of Personnel Selection

  • Conclusion

  • Acknowledgments

  • References

7. Impact of Meta-Analysis Methods On Understanding Personality-Performance Relations

  • Meta-Analytic Studies of Personality-Performance Relations

  • Future Role of Meta-Analysis in Personality-Performance

  • References

8. The Challenge of Aggregating Studies of Personality

  • Current Status: Contributions and Controversies

  • Limitations to VG with Personality Measures

  • Trait Bandwidth: The “Broad-Narrow” Debate

  • Multidimensional Criteria

  • Methodological Problems in Meta-Analyzing Personality

  • Conclusion

  • References

9. Maximum Likelihood Estimation in Validity Generalization

  • Some Preliminaries

  • Single Population

  • Several Populations

  • Fixed- and Random-Effects Models

  • MLE with Uncorrected Correlations

    • Fixed-Effects Model

    • Random-Effects Model

  • MLE with Corrected Correlations

    • VG With Artifact Distributions

    • VG with Direct Corrections

  • Concluding Remarks

  • References

10. Methodological and Conceptual Challenges in Conducting and Interpreting Meta-Analyses

  • Operational Issues

  • Computing Effect Sizes for Matched/Repeated Measures

  • Hypothetical vs Sample-Based Artifacts

  • Assessing Intercoder Agreement

  • Inferences About Underlying Constructs

  • Defining Constructs

  • Using Meta-Analytic Correlations in SEM

  • Conclusion

  • References

11. Meta-Analysis and the Art of the Average

  • Popularity in Psychology

  • The Mean From Meta-Analysis

  • Statistical Corrections

  • What Can and Cannot Be Corrected

  • Missing-Data Problem

  • Statistical Power

  • Moderator Effects

  • Recommendations and Discussion

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Tags: Kevin R Murphy, Validity Generalization, Psychology