Transformation through Destruction A monumental and extraordinary Early Iron Age Hallstatt C barrow from the ritual landscape of Oss Zevenbergen 1st Edition by Prof Dr David Fontijn, Sasja van der Vaart, Richard Jansen ISBN 9088901694 9789088901690

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ISBN 10: 9088901694
ISBN 13: 9789088901690
Author: Prof Dr David Fontijn, Sasja van der Vaart, Richard Jansen

Some 2800 years ago, a man died in what is now the municipality of Oss, the Netherlands. His death must have been a significant event in the life of local communities, for he received an extraordinary funeral, which ended with the construction of an impressive barrow. Based on the meticulous excavation and a range of specialist and comprehensive studies of finds, a prehistoric burial ritual now can be brought to life in surprising detail. An Iron Age community used extraordinary objects that find their closest counterpart in the elite graves of the Hallstatt culture in Central Europe. This book will discuss how lavishly decorated items were dismantled and taken apart to be connected with the body of the deceased, all to be destroyed by fire. In what appears to be a meaningful pars pro toto ritual, the remains of his body, the pyre, and the objects were searched through and moved about, with various elements being manipulated, intentionally broken, and interred or removed. In essence, a person and a place were transformed through destruction. The book shows how the mourners carefully, almost lovingly covered the funeral remains with a barrow. Attention is also given to another remarkable monument, long mound 6, located immediately adjacent to mound 7. Excavations show how mound 7 was part of an age-old ritual heath landscape that was entirely restructured during the Early Iron Age, when it became the setting for the building of no less than three huge Hallstatt C barrows. Thousands of years later, during the Late Middle Ages, this landscape underwent a complete transformation of meaning when the prehistoric barrows became the scenery for a macabre display of the cadavers of executed criminals.
This publication is part of the Ancestral Mounds Research Project of the University of Leiden.

Transformation through Destruction A monumental and extraordinary Early Iron Age Hallstatt C barrow from the ritual landscape of Oss Zevenbergen 1st Table of contents:

• Chapter One: The Hallstatt C Culture: A Historical and Archaeological Overview

  • The Hallstatt Period: A Brief History of the Iron Age in Europe
  • Defining Hallstatt C: Key Features and Chronology
  • Social and Cultural Context: The Role of Elites, Ritual, and Power
  • Overview of Hallstatt C Burial Practices and Material Culture

• Chapter Two: The Oss Zevenbergen Barrow: Excavation and Methodology

  • Discovery and Excavation of the Barrow
  • Stratigraphy and Site Formation Processes
  • Excavation Techniques: From Survey to Final Analysis
  • The Role of Advanced Technology in Uncovering the Barrow’s Secrets

• Chapter Three: The Structure and Design of the Barrow

  • Architectural Analysis of the Barrow: Layout and Features
  • Burial Chambers and Their Symbolic Significance
  • Material Evidence: Construction Materials, Artifacts, and Remains
  • Interpreting the Monument’s Transformation Over Time

• Chapter Four: The Burial: Ritual and Symbolism

  • The Burial Practices of the Hallstatt C Culture
  • The Role of Death, Ancestors, and Continuity in the Ritual Landscape
  • Human and Animal Remains: Analyzing the Ritual Context
  • Grave Goods and Their Symbolic Meaning in Hallstatt C Society

• Chapter Five: Destruction and Transformation: A Monumental Event

  • The Role of Destruction in Hallstatt C Rituals
  • Interpreting the Evidence of Deliberate Destruction
  • Symbolic and Social Significance of the Destruction Process
  • Transformation through Destruction: Ritual and Power Dynamics

• Chapter Six: The Ritual Landscape of Oss Zevenbergen

  • The Concept of the Ritual Landscape in Early Iron Age Europe
  • The Role of Oss Zevenbergen within a Broader Ritual and Cultural Context
  • Other Contemporaneous Sites: Connections and Comparisons
  • The Social and Political Role of Ritual Landscapes in Hallstatt C Communities

• Chapter Seven: Material Culture and Its Implications for Hallstatt C Society

  • The Significance of Pottery, Metalwork, and Other Artifacts
  • Symbolic Items and Their Role in Social Stratification
  • Functional and Symbolic Interpretations of the Material Evidence
  • Analysis of Objects: Meaning Beyond Practicality

• Chapter Eight: The Changing Landscape of Hallstatt C Burial and Ritual Practices

  • Comparing the Oss Zevenbergen Barrow to Other Hallstatt C Sites
  • Shifts in Burial Practices: From Monumental Mounds to Smaller Graves
  • The Evolution of Rituals and Social Organization in the Early Iron Age
  • Enduring Ritual Practices and Emerging Ideologies

• Chapter Nine: Interpretation and Significance of the Oss Zevenbergen Barrow

  • Reconstructing the Societal and Cultural Meaning of the Barrow
  • Interpreting the Monument in Light of Contemporary Archaeological Theory
  • The Role of Elites and Their Influence on Ritual Practices
  • The Oss Zevenbergen Barrow as a Microcosm of Hallstatt C Society

• Chapter Ten: Conclusion

  • Summarizing Key Findings and Insights
  • The Impact of the Oss Zevenbergen Barrow on Our Understanding of Hallstatt C Culture
  • Future Directions in the Study of Early Iron Age Rituals and Burial Practices
  • Broader Implications for Understanding Transformation in Ancient Societies

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