The Neuroscience of Fair Play Why We Usually Follow the Golden Rule 1st Edition by Donald Pfaff ISBN 1932594272 9781932594270
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ISBN 10: 1932594272
ISBN 13: 9781932594270
Author: Donald Pfaff
We remember the admonition of our mothers: “Treat others as you want them to treat you.” But what if being nice was something we were inclined by nature to do anyway? Renowned neuroscientist Donald Pfaff upends our entire understanding of ethics and social contracts with an intriguing proposition: the Golden Rule is hardwired into the human brain.
Pfaff, the researcher who first discovered the connections between specific brain circuits and certain behaviors, contends that the basic ethics governing our everyday lives can be traced directly to brain circuitry. Writing with popular science journalist Sandra J. Ackerman, he explains in this clear and concise account how specific brain signals induce us to consider our actions as if they were directed at ourselves—and subsequently lead us to treat others as we wish to be treated. Brain hormones are a part of this complicated process, and The Neuroscience of Fair Play discusses how brain hormones can catalyze behaviors with moral implications in such areas as self-sacrifice, parental love, friendship, and violent aggression.
Drawing on his own research and other recent studies in brain science, Pfaff offers a thought-provoking hypothesis for why certain ethical codes and ideas have remained constant across human societies and cultures throughout the world and over the centuries of history. An unprecedented and provocative investigation, The Neuroscience of Fair Play offers a new perspective on the increasingly important intersection of neuroscience and ethics.
The Neuroscience of Fair Play Why We Usually Follow the Golden Rule 1st Edition Table of contents:
Chapter 1: The Golden Rule in Human Behavior
- The Concept of Fairness Across Cultures
- What is the Golden Rule?
- Historical and Philosophical Perspectives on Fairness
- Why Do Humans Tend to Follow the Golden Rule?
Chapter 2: Evolution of Fairness
- Fairness in the Animal Kingdom: Do Other Species Follow the Golden Rule?
- The Evolutionary Roots of Cooperative Behavior
- How Fairness Evolved as a Survival Mechanism
- The Role of Reciprocity in Evolution and Human Socialization
Chapter 3: The Brain and Moral Decision Making
- Understanding the Brain’s Role in Moral Judgments
- The Prefrontal Cortex and Social Decision Making
- Neural Pathways Involved in Fairness and Cooperation
- How the Brain Evaluates Selfishness vs. Altruism
Chapter 4: The Neuroscience of Empathy and Compassion
- The Brain’s Empathy Networks: Feeling What Others Feel
- How Empathy Fuels Altruistic Behavior
- The Connection Between Empathy and Fair Play
- Why Empathy is Central to Following the Golden Rule
Chapter 5: The Role of Mirror Neurons in Social Behavior
- What Are Mirror Neurons?
- How Mirror Neurons Shape Our Understanding of Others’ Emotions
- The Role of Mirror Neurons in Promoting Fairness
- Mirror Neurons and the Development of Social Norms
Chapter 6: The Influence of Oxytocin and Hormones on Fair Play
- The Hormonal Basis of Trust and Cooperation
- The Role of Oxytocin in Promoting Altruism and Fairness
- How Hormones Affect Moral Decision Making and Behavior
- The Interplay of Biology and Social Conditioning
Chapter 7: The Impact of Reward Systems on Fairness
- The Brain’s Reward Systems and Their Connection to Fair Play
- Why Fairness Feels Good: The Neuroscience Behind Positive Social Interactions
- The Role of Dopamine in Rewarding Cooperative Behavior
- When Fairness Isn’t Rewarded: The Neuroscience of Injustice
Chapter 8: Cooperation, Competition, and the Balance of Fairness
- How Cooperation and Competition Interact in the Brain
- The Neuroscience Behind Competitive Behavior vs. Cooperative Behavior
- Why Fair Play Sometimes Conflicts with Self-Interest
- Balancing Fairness in Social and Economic Contexts
Chapter 9: Moral Emotions and Their Influence on Fairness
- The Role of Guilt, Shame, and Pride in Moral Decision Making
- How Emotions Influence Fairness and Justice in Social Situations
- The Brain’s Emotional Response to Unfair Treatment
- The Role of Moral Emotions in Enforcing the Golden Rule
Chapter 10: Social Contexts and the Practice of Fair Play
- How Culture, Society, and Upbringing Shape Fairness
- The Role of Social Norms in Encouraging Fair Behavior
- How Social Networks and Communities Foster Cooperation
- The Influence of Education and Socialization on Moral Development
Chapter 11: When Fairness Breaks Down: The Neuroscience of Unfair Behavior
- Why Some People Violate the Golden Rule
- The Brain Mechanisms Behind Selfishness and Unfairness
- Cognitive Biases and Their Effect on Fair Play
- Strategies for Encouraging Fairness in Unjust Situations
Chapter 12: The Future of Fairness and Neuroscience
- New Discoveries in the Neuroscience of Fair Play
- Potential Applications in Education, Law, and Policy
- How Understanding Fairness Can Improve Society
- The Future of Research on Moral Behavior and the Brain
Back Matter
- References
- Index
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