Social and Personality Development 1st Edition by Tina Abbott ISBN 0203996461 9780203996461

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ISBN 10: 0203996461 
ISBN 13: 9780203996461
Author: Tina Abbott

Social and Personality Development 1st Table of contents:

1 Introduction
Why choose to study personality, gender and adolescence?
Personality
Gender
Adolescence
What questions remain?
Section I Personality Development
2 Two approaches to the study of personality
The study of personality
Defining personality
The value of studying personality
Idiographic and nomothetic approaches
Idiographic approaches
Nomothetic approaches
Advantage and disadvantages
Nomothetic versus idiographic
Conclusion
Summary
3 Trait and type theories
Introduction
Eysenck’s type theory
The final dimension
The use of psychometrics
The biological basis of Eysenck’s type theory
Conditionability
Evaluation of Eysenck’s theory
Twin studies
Clinical trials
Laboratory studies
Validity checks
Other criticisms
New research
Allport’s trait theory
Allport’s traits
The uniqueness of traits
Assessing personality
Evaluation of Allport’s approach
Comparing Eysenck and Allport
Summary
4 Psychoanalytic theory
Introduction
Freud’s psychoanalytic theory
The conscious, preconscious and unconscious mind
Freud’s personality theory
The id, ego and superego
Defence mechanisms
The psychosexual stages
The phallic stage
Evaluation
The unconscious mind
The Oedipal complex
Erich Fromm’s explanation
John Bowlby’s explanation
Evaluation of defence mechanisms
Summary
5 Social learning approaches
Introduction
Bandura’s social learning theory
Observational learning
Self-regulation
Self-esteem
Self-punishment
Self-efficacy
Evaluation
Realism
Media influences
Mischel’s theory of personality
Evaluation
Can we predict behaviour?
Conclusion
Summary
Section II Gender Development
6 Social and biological approaches to gender identity
Definition of gender
Gender identity and sex role stereotypes
The effects of sex role stereotypes on behaviour
Research evidence applied to gender differences
Social learning theory
Modelling
Differential reinforcement
Observations by Beverley Fagot
Other research into the effects of social models
Evaluation
Biosocial theory
Evaluation
Cross-cultural studies
The work of Margaret Mead
Evaluation
Summary
7 Cognitive development theories
Cognitive development theories
Kohlberg’s theory of gender development
Gender labelling
Gender stability
Gender constancy
Evaluation
Evidence from other studies
Gender schemas
Gender schema theory
Conclusion
Summary
8 An alternative view of gender identity
Psychological androgyny
Comparisons with sexual identity
BSRI categories
Bem’s gender schema theory
Evaluation
Research by Frable and Bem
Frable and Bem’s findings
Conclusion
Summary
Section III Adolescence
9 The concept of adolescence
Definition of adolescence
Physical development
Cross-cultural differences in the onset of menarche
Primary sexual changes
Secondary sexual changes
Adolescent sexuality
The search for identity
Psychological turmoil?
Correlates of stress during adolescence
Self-perception
Self-harm
Eating disorders
The timing of puberty
Coleman’s focal theory
Evaluation
Summary
10 Theories of adolescence
Introduction
Erikson’s whole life theory
Stage one: trust versus mistrust
Stage two: autonomy versus shame and doubt
Stage three: initiative versus guilt
Stage four: industry versus inferiority
Stage five: identity versus role confusion
Stage six: intimacy versus isolation
Stage seven: generativity versus stagnation
Stage eight: ego integrity versus despair
Evaluation
Research evidence concerning adolescence
Marcia’s identity theory
The four statuses
Evaluation
Conclusion
Summary
11 Other influences on development
Introduction
Influence of peers on social behaviour
Friends
Do peers influence conformity?
Relationship with parents during adolescence
Cultural differences in adolescent behaviour
The effect of peers cross-culturally
Cultural differences in attitudes towards education
Cultural differences in the occurrence of adolescent pregnancy
The outcome of adolescent pregnancy
The effects of adolescent pregnancy on the child
Can the negative effects be reduced?
Chapter summary
12 Study aids
Improving your essay-writing skills
Practice essay 1
Practice essay 2
Practice essay 3

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Tags: Tina Abbott, Social, Personality