Shared Borders Shared Waters Israeli Palestinian and Colorado River Basin Water Challenges 1st Edition by Sharon B Megdal, Robert G Varady, Susanna Eden ISBN 0429211872 9781135072506

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ISBN 10: 0429211872 
ISBN 13: 9781135072506
Author: Sharon B Megdal, Robert G Varady, Susanna Eden

Shared Borders Shared Waters Israeli Palestinian and Colorado River Basin Water Challenges 1st Table of contents:

Section 1 Water development: Infrastructure and institutions
1 The development of water infrastructures in Israel: Past, present and future
Introduction: Pre-State Period
Early Years after National Independence: Institutions, Regulations and Major Projects
Allocations
Waste-Water Reclamation
Desalination
The Dead Sea and the Red-Dead Canal
The Palestinian Water Situation
Challenges Ahead and Concluding Remarks
References
2 Arizona’s water infrastructure: A history of management and use
Introduction
Salt River Project
Federal reclamation era and construction of Roosevelt Dam
Other dams on the Salt and Verde Rivers
Other Early Agricultural Projects
Yuma Project
San Carlos Project
Gila Project
Municipal Use
Central Arizona Project
Concluding Remarks
References
3 Key issues, institutions, and strategies for managing transboundary water resources in the Arizona-Mexico border region
The U.S.-Mexico Border and the Arizona-Sonora Border: An Overview
Border development and water use
Water institutions and governance
Potential Solutions to Border Issues and Concerns
Better water management practices
Reuse
Desalination
The Yuma desalter
Other desalination options involving the Colorado River
Conclusions
References
Section 2 Political and economic perspectives on water
4 The role of creative language in addressing political realities: Middle-Eastern water agreements
Introduction
The Emergence of International Water Law
Evolution of Principles in International Water Law
Basin wide management considered
Water rights considered
Joint management considered
Middle-Eastern Water Agreements
Background to the Israeli-Arab water agreements
Negotiating international language
The Israeli-Jordanian agreement
The Israeli-Palestinian agreement
The Israeli-Palestinian-Jordanian agreement
Discussion and Conclusions
References
5 Revisiting water politics and policy in Israel: Policymaking under conditions of uncertainty
Introduction
Water and Jewish Identity in Palestine-Israel, 1918–1959
Water abundance, immigration, settlement, and Jewish subjectivity, mid-1930s to 1948
Water scarcity, centralized state, and the citizen of the modern nation-state, 1948–1959
Water scarcity versus abundance
The technical apparatus of water management
Centralizing water governance
Conclusions
Acknowledgements
References
6 Water pricing in Israel in theory and practice
Introduction
The Water Sector
Institutions and Regulation
Water and wastewater corporations
The water authority
Two allocation problems
Water Pricing: a Theoretical Framework
Allocation of water from a single spring
Scarcity value, price, and extraction levy
Purchased inputs
Withdrawal from a reservoir
The Evolution of Water Costs in Israel
Prices and Levies
Prices in agriculture
Freshwater
Recycled effluent
Extraction levies
The urban sector
Cross-subsidization
References
7 Achieving water policy objectives through water pricing: A case study of Arizona’s decentralized approach to water provision
Introduction
Water Use and Management in Arizona
Water Pricing in Practice
Pricing as a Tool to Meet Water Policy Objectives
Concluding Remarks
References
Section 3 Learning from comparison
8 Property systems and conservation of instream flows: Israel and the Western United States compared
Property Rights in Water
Israeli Water Law on the Books
Israeli Water Law in Action
An Illustration of the Failure of Public Ownership: Ein Gedi
Public Values in a Private-Property Regime
The public trust doctrine
The reserved rights doctrine
A caveat
Conclusion
References
9 Water, land, and development: Comparative Arizona – Israeli-Palestinian perspective
Introduction
Comparative Physical Geographies
Population, Constructed Landscape and Agricultural Systems
Land and Water Resources Development Process
The water sector in Israel and Palestine
Water resources in Arizona
Prospective View
References
10 Perspectives on water conservation in Israel and Palestine: Foundations and future
Introduction
Judaic and Islamic Perceptions on Water Use and Conservation
In the beginning…
The spirit of G-d hovered over the face of the waters…
And G-d said: “Behold, I have given you…”
And G-d said unto them: “Let man have dominion…”
Water Policy and Conservation in Israel
Conservation Strategies
Local Water Resources and Conservation in Palestine
Water Policy and Conservation in Palestine
Developing a Joint Water Conservation Strategy For Israel and Palestine
References
Section 4 Challenges, new and old: Climate change and wastewater
11 Implications of climate change in Palestine
Introduction
The Fear of Climate Change Implications in Palestine
Rainfall in Palestine – A General Background
Assessment of Rainfall Variability in Palestine
General background
General observations
Extreme events
Spatial and temporal rainfall trends
Rainfall predictions for Palestine
Implications of Rainfall Variability, Mitigation and Adaptation Measures
Implications
Mitigation measures
Adaptation measures
Conclusions
References
12 Climate change challenges and solutions for water managers
Introduction
Climate of Semiarid North America and Its Relationship to Climate Change Vulnerability
What Managers Need to Know about Climate Models
Basic mechanics
Scenarios
Limitations, strengths and downscaling
Evaluation
Climate Change Projections
Uncertainty
Approaches to Dealing With Climate Change
Summary
References
13 Challenges of transboundary wastewater management for Palestinian communities along the Green Line – The Israeli-Palestinian border
Introduction
Current Status of Wastewater Management in Palestinian Urban and Rural Communities
Management of Transboundary Wastewater Discharges
Wastewater management in urban communities along the Israeli-Palestinian “border”
Current Practices of Effluent Disposal Into Receiving Water Environment
Regional water treaties between Israeli and Palestinian sides
Tulkarm-Nablus/Emek Hefer Regional Council – A Case on Transboundary Wastewater Management
Regional wastewater agreements between Israeli and Palestinian sides
Israeli Water Policy Towards Transboundary Wastewater Management
Transboundary Cooperation For Sustainable Transboundary Wastewater Management
Conclusions and Recommendations
Acknowledgement
References
14 Management of transboundary wastewater discharges
Israel’S Experience With Wastewater Reuse: Related Environmental Issues
The Mixed Blessings of Wastewater Reuse
Environmental Consequences of Wastewater Reuse
Bacteria and pathogens
New Effluent Reuse Standards
Discussion and Conclusions
References
Section 5 Expanding water supplies: Promising strategies and technologies
15 Expanding water resources in Arizona: Role of reuse in reaching sustainability
Introduction
Arizona Policy For Reclaimed Water
Challenges to Increased Use of Reclaimed Water
Conclusions
References
16 Desalination in Arizona: Challenges, applications and prospects
Theoretical Overview
Challenges: Arizona Water Supply
Application of Desalination in Arizona
Scottsdale advanced water treatment facility
Gila Bend, Goodyear and Buckeye Desalination Plants
Yuma Desalting Plant
Binational Desalination Approaches
Current Arizona-Sonora binational desalination plant proposals
Desalination Prospects in Arizona
References
17 Sea water desalination in Israel: Planning, coping with difficulties, and economic aspects of long-term risks
Past, Current and Future Sea Water Desalination
Desalination of brackish water
Specifications of Existing and Planned Desalination Facilities
Ashkelon Desalination Plant
Palmachim Desalination Plant
Hadera Desalination Plant
Ashdod Desalination Plant (yet to be finalized)
Soreq Desalination Plant
The enlargement of existing desalination plants
Energy and Cost-Efficiency of Sea Water Desalination
Coping With Difficulties and Economic Aspects of Long-Term Risks
Necessity and pricing of desalination
Land-use for desalination
Meeting requirements of the ministry of environmental protection
Shortages of coastal properties
Meeting requirements of the ministry of health
Obtaining agreements for pipe-transport
Lengthy construction time

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