Power Politics and the Indonesian Military 1st Edition by Damien Kingsbury 041529729X 9780415297295

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ISBN 10: 041529729X
ISBN 13: 9780415297295
Author: Damien Kingsbury

Throughout the postwar history of Indonesia, the military have played a key role in the politics of the country and in imposing unity on a fragmentary state. The collapse of the authoritarian New Order government of President Suharto weakened the state and the armed forces briefly lost their grip on control of the archipelago. However, under President Megawati, the military has again begun to assert itself, and re-impose its heavy hand on control of the state, most notably in the fracturing outer provinces. Based on extensive original research, this book examines the role of the military in Indonesian politics. It looks at the role of the military historically, examines the different ways it is involved in politics, and considers how the role of the military might develop in what is still an uncertain future.

Power Politics and the Indonesian Military 1st Table of contents:

1. The Problematic Role of the TNI
The Services
Two Functions
Indonesia’s Importance
Symbiosis: Indonesia and the TNI
Some Theoretical Considerations
Fluid Political Geography
Stability?
State Reorganisation
Power As a Political Application
Philosophical Origins of the TNI
Formalising Military Political Power
Stability and Development
Service Hierarchy
Military Activity
Military Culture
2. Context, Continuity and Change
Conceptions of Power
The Political Mandala
Indonesia As Javanese Empire
Military Precedents
Liberal Indonesia: 1949–57
PRRI–Permesta
The Military Formally In Politics
The Events of 30 September and 1 October 1965
Early Opposition to Suharto
Political and Administrative Role
Elite Insecurity
3. The Functional Structure of the TNI
The Service Hierarchy
Teritorium
Total People’s Defence
The Army’s ‘Development’ Role
Kodam
Turnover of Personnel
Kostrad
Kopassus
Other Military Units, Paramilitary Police, Militias and Covert Agencies
Internal or External Focus?
4. Factions, Reform and Reassertion
Factionalism
The Origins of Political Division
Sumitro and the Malari Riots
Murtopo and Murdani
Dissidence and the Petition of Fifty
An Attack On Islam
Dissent
Two ‘Contests’
The Armed Forces Divided
Endgame
Megawati and the PDI
The Fall of Suharto
Habibie and Reform
East Timor
The Recent Political Role of the Armed Forces
A ‘New Paradigm’?
Reformists
Agus Wirahadikusumah and Kostrad
Other Groupings
A ‘New’ Dwifungsi ?
The End of the ‘New Paradigm’?
5. The Political Economy of the TNI
The Budget
Use of Off-Line Income
Patron–Client Relationships
Sources of Income
Money and Murder
Background to Business
Some Business Activities
The Off-Line Budget Exposed
Diversion of Funds
Selling Guns
Associated Business
Defence Spending and the Defence Industry
Military Businesses
The TNI Without Business?
6. The More Things Change
A Brief Comparison
The Self-Fulfilling Prophecy
… The More They Stay the Same
An Incoherent State
Autonomy?
TNI Links to the Presidency
Where It Is and What It Means
Indonesia As a Distinctive Type?
The Logic of Intervention

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