Philosophy A Text with Readings 13th Edition by Manuel G Velasquez – Ebook PDF Instant Download/Delivery: 1305410475, 9781305410473
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Product details:
ISBN 10: 1305410475
ISBN 13: 9781305410473
Author: Manuel G Velasquez
Philosophy A Text with Readings 13th Table of contents:
Chapter 1. The Nature of Philosophy
1.1. What Is Philosophy?
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Plato’s Allegory of the Cave
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Plato’s Allegory and “Doing” Philosophy
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The Diversity of Philosophy
1.2. The Traditional Divisions of Philosophy -
Epistemology: The Study of Knowledge
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Metaphysics: The Study of Reality or Existence
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Ethics: The Study of Values
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Other Philosophical Inquiries
1.3. A Philosopher in Action: Socrates -
Euthyphro: Do We Know What Holiness Is?
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The Republic: Is Justice Whatever Benefits the Powerful?
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The Apology: Socrates’ Trial
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Crito: Do We Have an Obligation to Obey the Law?
1.4. The Value of Philosophy -
Achieving Freedom
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Building Your View of Life
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Cultivating Awareness
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Learning to Think Critically
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The Theme of This Text
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Chapter Summary
1.5. Reading -
Voltaire. Story of a Good Brahmin
1.6. Historical Showcase
Chapter 2. Human Nature
2.1. Why Does Your View of Human Nature Matter?
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The Importance of Understanding Human Nature
2.2. What Is Human Nature? -
The Rationalistic Version of the Traditional Western View of Human Nature
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The Judeo-Christian Version of the Traditional Western View of Human Nature
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The Darwinian Challenge
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The Existentialist Challenge
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The Feminist Challenge
2.3. The Mind–Body Problem: How Do Your Mind and Your Body Relate? -
The Dualist View of Human Nature: You Are an Immaterial Mind with a Material Body
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The Materialist View of Human Nature: You Are Your Physical Body
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The Mind/Brain Identity Theory of Human Nature: Your Mind Is Your Brain
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The Behaviorist View of Human Nature: Your Mind Is How You Behave
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The Functionalist View of Human Nature: Your Mind Is like a Computer
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Eliminative Materialism: You Have No Mind
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The New Dualism: Your Mind Has Nonphysical Properties
2.4. Is There an Enduring Self? -
The Soul Is the Enduring Self
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Consciousness as the Source of the Enduring Self
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The No-Self View
2.5. Are We Independent and Self-Sufficient Individuals? -
The Atomistic Self
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The Relational Self
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Power and Hegel
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Culture and Self-Identity
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Search for the Real Self
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Chapter Summary
2.6. Readings -
Kate Chopin. The Story of an Hour
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Janice M. Steil. Contemporary Marriage: Still an Unequal Partnership
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Jean Grimshaw. Women’s Identity in Feminist Thinking
2.7. Historical Showcase
Chapter 3. Reality and Being
3.1. What Is Real?
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Metaphysical Questions of Reality
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The Search for Reality
3.2. Reality: Material or Nonmaterial? -
Materialism: Reality as Matter
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Objections to Materialism
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Idealism: Reality as Nonmatter
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Objections to Idealism
3.3. Reality in Pragmatism -
Pragmatism’s Approach to Philosophy
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The Pragmatic Method
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Objections to Pragmatism
3.4. Reality and Logical Positivism -
Objections to Logical Positivism
3.5. Antirealism: The Heir of Pragmatism and Idealism -
Proponents of Antirealism
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Objections to Antirealism
3.6. Is Freedom Real? -
Determinism
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Libertarianism
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Compatibilism
3.7. Is Time Real? -
Time and Human Life
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Augustine: Only the Present Moment Is Real
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Mctaggart: Subjective Time Is Not Real
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Kant: Time Is a Mental Construct
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Bergson: Only Subjective Time Is Real
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Chapter Summary
3.8. Readings -
Sophocles. Oedipus the King
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Robert C. Solomon. Fate and Fatalism
3.9. Historical Showcase
Chapter 4. Philosophy, Religion, and God
4.1. The Significance of Religion
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Defining Religion
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Religious Belief, Religious Experience, and Theology
4.2. Does God Exist? -
The Ontological Argument
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The Cosmological Argument
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The Design Argument
4.3. Atheism, Agnosticism, and the Problem of Evil -
Atheism
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Agnosticism
4.4. Traditional Religious Belief and Experience -
Religious Belief
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“The Will to Believe”
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Personal Experience of the Divine
4.5. Nontraditional Religious Experience -
Radical Theology
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Feminist Theology
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Eastern Religious Traditions
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Chapter Summary
4.6. Readings -
Fyodor Dostoevsky. Excerpt from The Brothers Karamazov
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William P. Alston. The Inductive Argument from Evil and the Human Cognitive Condition
4.7. Historical Showcase
Chapter 5. The Sources of Knowledge
5.1. Why Is Knowledge a Problem?
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Acquiring Reliable Knowledge: Reason and the Senses
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The Place of Memory
5.2. Is Reason the Source of Our Knowledge? -
Descartes: Doubt and Reason
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Innate Ideas
5.3. Can the Senses Account for All Our Knowledge? -
Locke and Empiricism
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Berkeley and Subjectivism
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Hume and Skepticism
5.4. Kant: Does the Knowing Mind Shape the World? -
Hume’s Challenge
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The Basic Issue
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Space, Time, and Mathematics
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Causality and the Unity of the Mind
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Constructivist Theories and Recovered Memories
5.5. Does Science Give Us Knowledge? -
Inductive Reasoning and Simplicity
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The Hypothetical Method and Falsifiability
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Paradigms and Revolutions in Science
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Is the Theory of Recovered Memories Science or Pseudoscience?
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Chapter Summary
5.6. Readings -
Ambrose Bierce. An Occurrence at Owl Creek Bridge
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Peter Unger. A Defense of Skepticism
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Thomas Nagel. How Do We Know Anything?
5.7. Historical Showcase
Chapter 6. Truth
6.1. Knowledge and Truth
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Knowledge as Justified True Belief
6.2. What Is Truth? -
Correspondence Theory
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Coherence Theory
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Pragmatic Theory
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Does Truth Matter?
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Reconciling the Theories of Truth
6.3. Does Science Give Us Truth? -
The Instrumentalist View
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The Realist View of Science
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The Conceptual Relativist View
6.4. Can Interpretations Be True? -
Symbolic Interpretation and Intention
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Wittgenstein and the Ideal Clear Language
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Gadamer and Prejudice
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Chapter Summary
6.5. Readings -
Ryunosuke Akutagawa. In a Grove
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Hugh Tomlinson. After Truth: Post-Modernism and the Rhetoric of Science
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John Searle. Reality and Truth
6.6. Historical Showcase
Chapter 7. Ethics
7.1. What is Ethics?
7.2. Is Ethics Relative?
7.3. Do Consequences Make an Action Right?
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Ethical Egoism
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Utilitarianism
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Some Implications of Utilitarianism
7.4. Do Rules Define Morality? -
Divine Command Theory
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Implications of Divine Command Ethics
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Kant’s Categorical Imperative
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Buddhist Ethics
7.5. Is Ethics Based on Character? -
Aristotle’s Theory of Virtue
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Love and Friendship
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Male and Female Ethics?
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Conclusions
7.6. Can Ethics Resolve Moral Quandaries? -
Abortion
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Euthanasia
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Chapter Summary
7.7. Readings -
Fyodor Dostoyevsky. The Heavenly Christmas Tree
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Peter Singer. Famine, Affluence, and Morality
7.8. Historical Showcase
Chapter 8. Social and Political Philosophy
8.1. What Is Social and Political Philosophy?
8.2. What Justifies the State and Its Power?
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Hobbes and the War of All against All
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Locke and Natural Moral Laws
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Contemporary Social Contract: Rawls
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The Communitarian Critique
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Social Contract and Women
8.3. What Is Justice? -
Justice as Merit
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Justice as Equality
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Justice as Social Utility
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Justice Based on Need and Ability
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Justice Based on Liberty
8.4. Limits on the State -
Unjust Laws and Civil Disobedience
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Freedom
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Human Rights
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War and Terrorism
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Chapter Summary
8.5. Reading -
Erich Maria Remarque. From All Quiet on the Western Front
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Bertrand Russell. The Ethics of War
8.6. Historical Showcase
Chapter 9. Postscript: The Meaning of Life
9.1. Does Life Have Meaning?
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What Does the Question Mean?
9.2. The Theistic Response to Meaning
9.3. Meaning and Human Progress
9.4. The Nihilist Rejection of Meaning
9.5. Meaning as a Self-Chosen Commitment
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