Persistent Inequalities Wage Disparity Under Capitalist Competition 1st Edition by Howard Botwinick ISBN 9004269584 9789004269583

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Product details:

ISBN 10: 9004269584

ISBN 13: 9789004269583 

Author: Howard Botwinick 

Economists generally assume that wage differentials among similar workers will only endure when competition in the capital and/or labor market is restricted. In contrast, Howard Botwinick uses a classical Marxist analysis of real capitalist competition to show that substantial patterns of wage disparity can persist despite high levels of competition. Indeed, the author provocatively argues that competition and technical change often militate against wage equalization. In addition to providing the basis for a more unified analysis of race and gender inequality within labor markets, Botwinick’s work has important implications for contemporary union strategies. Going against mainstream proponents of labor-management cooperation, the author calls for militant union organization that can once again take wages and working conditions out of capitalist competition.

This revised edition was originally published under the same title in 1993 by Princeton University Press.

Table of contents:

1 Introduction

• Breaking the Impasse

• Toward a Theoretical Alternative

• Implications for the Analysis of Discrimination

• On Heterogeneous Labour

• Comparing Our Results to Orthodox and Radical Economics

• Solving Some Anomalies

• Outline of the Argument

2 Continuing Attempts to Square the Circle (Or, Competitive Theory Confronts Differential Wage Rates)

• Early Neoclassical Wage Theory

• The Theory of Perfect Competition: Abstraction as Idealisation

• The Inevitable Schism between Theory and Practice

• The Theory of Imperfect Competition – Godsend or Albatross?

• Postwar Institutionalists: An Initial Attempt at Alternative Theory

• The Ascent of Human Capital Theory

• The Real World Strikes Back

• The New Institutionalists: The Dual Economy and Dual Labour Markets

• Labour Market Segmentation and Monopoly Capital

• The Initial Response to Segmentation Theory

• The Second Wave of Segmentation Arguments

• The Continuing Search for a Radical Alternative

• Efficiency Wage Theory: The Latest Attempt to Square the Circle

3 Capitalist Accumulation and the Aggregate Labour Market

• Marx versus Neoclassical Economics

• The Special Commodity Labour Power

• Primitive Accumulation and the ‘Doubly Free’ Labourer

• The Unique Logic of Labour Supply

• Capitalist Accumulation and the Reserve Army of Labour

• Marx’s Reserve Army within the Modern Period

• On the Necessity of Worker Resistance

• Capitalist Accumulation and the Limits to Rising Wage Rates

• Empirical Evidence for Limits to Rising Wage Rates

4 Wage Differentials and the Aggregate Labour Market

• Capitalism’s Active and Reserve Armies: Differentiation and ‘Segmentation’ in Their Most Basic Forms

• The Role of Workers in the Segmentation Process

• A Dynamic Analysis of Labour Mobility and Wage Differentiation Under Conditions of Permanent Underemployment

• Uneven Technical Change, Competition, and the Reserve Army: A Brief Glimpse of Marx’s Theory of Wage Differentials

• On the Incompleteness of Marx’s Work

5 Capitalist Competition and Differential Profit Rates

• Competition within Industries

• Competition between Industries

• Marx’s Concept of Regulating Capitals

• Empirical Evidence of Monopoly

• Chapter Summary

• Appendix to Chapter 5

6 Capitalist Competition and Differential Wage Rates (I): The Analysis of Regulating Capitals

• Overview of the Dynamic Adjustment to Changing Wage Rates

• Deriving Determinate Limits to Rising Wage Rates

• Limit One: The Immediate Profitability of Regulating Capitals

• Limit Two: The Unit Costs of Subdominant Capitals

• Further Implications for Inter- and Intraindustry Wage Patterns

• Limit Three: The Differential Costs of Obstructing Wage Increases

• Analysing the Effects of Uneven Worker Organisation

• A Final Note on Workers’ Power and the Costs of Obstruction

• The General Laws of Capitalist Accumulation

7 Capitalist Competition and Differential Wage Rates (II): Non-regulating Capitals and Differential Profit Rates

• The Case of Less Efficient Capitals

• Short-Term Effects of Rising Wage Rates

• The Case of More Efficient Capitals

• Implications of the Dynamic Equalisation of Profit Rates

Conclusion

• Capitalist Competition and Differential Wage Rates: Abundant Possibilities for Sustained Inequality

• Capitalist Accumulation and the Aggregate Labour Market: Further Sources of Wage Variation

• Comparing Our Results to Neoclassical Economics

• Comparing Our Results to Radical Economics

• Implications for Empirical Research

• Implications for the Contemporary Labour Movement

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Tags: Howard Botwinick, Persistent Inequalities, Wage Disparity, Capitalist Competition