How Science Engages with Ethics and Why It Should 1st Edition by Kristen Renwick Monroe ISBN 3111449106 978-3111449104

How Science Engages with Ethics and Why It Should 1st Edition by Kristen Renwick Monroe – Ebook PDF Instant Download/Delivery:3111449106 ,978-3111449104
Full download How Science Engages with Ethics and Why It Should 1st Edition after payment

Product details: 

ISBN 10: 3111449106 

ISBN 13: 978-3111449104

Author: Kristen Renwick Monroe

We live in an era of extreme claims versus weak consensus on issues critical to the public. Is climate change a hoax, or is it destroying our planet? Were the vaccines and social distancing measures of COVID-19 designed to protect us, or were they an invasion of our liberty? How do we determine the validity of these claims and others like them? Can we find a reliable middle ground leading to policies that help everyone?

How Science Engages with Ethics and Why It Should makes an impassioned plea for a scientific analysis of ethics, discussing what such a method is, why we need it, and what it can offer that other methods cannot.

With contributions from leading thinkers across a range of disciplines, Part 1 explores the challenges facing scientists and how to establish ground rules that will both protect human subjects and guide researchers in the future. Part 2 explores the importance of evidence-based science for topics such as climate change, social care, political polarization and rational decision-making, showing how even good science can go wrong, at times contributing to disastrous effects.

At the cutting edge of its discipline, How Science Engages with Ethics and Why It Should provides a compelling case for demanding evidence-based analysis to form the foundation of the discussions and policies that affect our very lives.

With contributions by:

Jeffrey Barratt, Peter Ditto, Jessica Maria Gonzalez, James W. Hicks, Mahtab Jafari, Rose McDermott, B.W. Sarnecka, Roxane Cohen Silver, Brian Skyrms, Teresa Sabol Spezio, Lawrence Sporty, Kyle Stanford, Ashley J. Thomas, James Tran, and the assistance of Ali Ansari, Kendrick Choi, Hannah Dastgheib, David Han, Nate Kang, Alexis Kim, Connor Lee, Michelle Lee, Lauren O’Neill, Samuel Shih, and Anqi Wang.

Table of contents: 

1. Acknowledgments
2. Kristen Renwick Monroe Introduction
3. Jeffrey A. Barrett Chapter 1 The Pragmatic Nature of Empirical Science
4. A Belief-Revision Model of Empirical Knowledge
5. Probabilistic Knowledge
6. The Role of the Scientific Community
7. Science and Decision
8. James Hicks Chapter 2 Ethics Training in Science: What We Miss in Health Research
9. Kristen Renwick Monroe Chapter 3 When Things Go Wrong and Science Forgets About Ethics
10. Early Examples
11. Smallpox
12. Famous Researchers, Powerful Institutions
13. Abuse Even by Great Scholars and Powerful Institutions
14. Vulnerable Populations
15. Wendell Johnson and Mary Tudor: The Monster Study
16. Use of Electroshock Therapy on Children
17. The UCLA Schizophrenia Study
18. Prisoners
19. Medical Studies
20. Sloan-Kettering’s Injection of Cancer Cells into Patients and Prisoners
21. Albert Kligman and Prison Guinea Pigs
22. Homosexuals
23. The Aversion Project
24. Sexual Reassignment
25. The Monkey Drug Trials
26. The Pit of Despair
27. Conclusion
28. Monica De Roche, Roxane Cohen Silver Chapter 4 Ethical Issues in Research with Human Subjects
29. Historical Examples Prompting Attention to Ethics in Human Experimentation
30. Nazi Concentration Camp Experiments
31. The Tuskegee Syphilis Study
32. Ethical Research Standards
33. The Nuremberg Code
34. Belmont Report
35. Questionable Research Practices and Research Safeguards
36. Informed Consent
37. Compensation of Research Participants
38. Deception
39. Debriefing
40. Confederates
41. Sensitive Information
42. Current Issues in Research Misconduct
43. Conclusion
44. Rose McDermott Chapter 5 Human Subjects Research: One Professional Association’s Attempt to Establish Fair Institutional Guidelines
45. Human Subjects Research: Institutional Attempts to Structure Norms
46. Central Ethical Issues Raised in the Official Principles and Guidance
47. Seeking to Protect the Public from Unwanted Harms
48. Political Challenges in Ethical Considerations
49. Kristen Renwick Monroe, Ali Ansari, Kendrick Choi, Hannah Dastgheib, Isabelle Dastgheib, David Han, Nate Kang, Alexis Kim, Connor Lee, Michelle Lee, Lauren O’Neill, Samuel Shih, Anqi Wang Chapter 6 Ethics in the COVID-19 Trenches: Research with Life and Death Implications and Limited Data Reliability
50. The Impetus for the Research and Our Basic Research Question
51. Goal 1: Ethical Issue 1
52. The Problem of Nuance and Public Interpretation in a Hotly Contested Political Climate
53. Trust in Government
54. Conclusion
55. Appendix A
56. Mahtab Jafari Chapter 7 Ethics and Pseudoscience in Our Daily Lives: The Status of the Science Behind Dietary Supplements
57. Inconsistency
58. Bad “Science” and Overstretched Claims
59. The Science Behind Dietary Supplements
60. In Vitro Experiments: Studies Performed in an Artificial Environment Such as a Test Tube or a Petri Dish
61. In Vivo Experiments: Studies Performed in Animals
62. Clinical Research and Clinical Trials: Studies Performed in Humans
63. The Gold Standard of Research: Randomized Clinical Trials (RCTs)
64. A Grain of Salt: Young Science, Old Earth
65. Choosing Supplements Wisely
66. Where to Find Good Science on Dietary Supplements
67. National Institutes of Health’s Office of Dietary Supplements Evidence-Based Review Program
68. National Institute of Health Consortium for Advancing Research on Botanical and Other Natural Products (CARBON) Program
69. National Institutes of Health Clinical Trials
70. The Food and Drug Administration
71. Good Questions to Ask
72. Conclusion
73. Jessica M. Gonzalez Chapter 8 Moral Cognition: An Introduction to the Field
74. An Interdisciplinary Field
75. Philosophy, Cognitive Science, and Neuroscience
76. How Do People Think About Morality?
77. How Do People Make Moral Judgments?
78. Conclusion
79. Peter H. Ditto, Shiri Spitz Siddiqi, Mertcan Güngör Chapter 9 The Social Psychology of Political Polarization
80. Moralization
81. Moral Foundations Theory
82. Factualization
83. Socialization
84. Selective Exposure and Residential Sorting
85. What to Do with This Toxic Stew?
86. Ashley J. Thomas, P. Kyle Stanford, Barbara W. Sarnecka Chapter 10 No Child Left Alone: Moral Judgments About Parents Affect Estimates of Risk to Children
87. General Method
88. Overview
89. Participants
90. Procedure
91. Data Analysis
92. Experiment 1: Basic Design
93. Method
94. Results and Discussion
95. Experiment 2: Fathers
96. Method
97. Results and Discussion
98. Experiment 3: Younger Mothers
99. Method
100. Results and Discussion
101. Experiment 4: Explicit Moral Judgments
102. Method
103. Results and Discussion
104. Experiment 5: List the Dangers
105. Method
106. Results and Discussion
107. Experiment 6: Basic Design, Moral Judgment, and List-the-Danger Conditions
108. Participants
109. Summary of Experiments 1–6
110. Method
111. General Discussion
112. Appendix A: Full Text of Vignettes
113. Appendix B: Alternative Ways of Analyzing the Data
114. Experiment 1
115. Experiment 2
116. Experiment 3
117. Experiment 4
118. Experiment 5
119. Experiment 6
120. Appendix C: Analysis of Demographic Effects
121. Appendix D: Pilot Studies
122. Pilot Study 1
123. Pilot Study 2
124. Brian Skyrms Chapter 11 Trust, Risk, and the Social Contract
125. Lawrence Sporty Chapter 12 Good Science Is Not Enough: The Misapplication of Science as Seen Through America’s Homelessness Crisis
126. Teresa Sabol Spezio Chapter 13 Climate Change: Policies, Politics, Science, and Equitable Solutions?
127. The Mechanics of Policy Change
128. The Trump Administration – The Environmental Protection Agency
129. The Trump Administration – The Department of the Interior
130. The Biden Administration – Environmental Protection Agency
131. The Biden Administration – The Department of the Interior
132. Conclusion
133. Contributors

People also search for:

how are science and ethics related

how do ethics become involved in the scientific process

how does ethical behavior in science protect the public

science ethics definition

Tags: Kristen Renwick Monroe, Science Engages, Ethics, Should 1st