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Gandhi Against Caste 1st Edition by Nishikant Kolge ISBN 019947429X 9780199474295

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Author(s): Nishikant Kolge
ISBN(s): 9780199474295, 019947429X
Edition: 1
File Details: PDF, 5.46 MB
Year: 2017
Language: english
SKU: EB-34859380 Categories: , Tag:

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ISBN 10: 019947429X 
ISBN 13: 9780199474295
Author: Nishikant Kolge

Many LGBTQ youth are still forced into harmful “treatments” with devastating mental health consequences. This volume explores the history, effects, and danger of so-called conversion therapy. Because conversion “therapy” is not actually therapeutic, it is now more accurately referred to as sexual orientation change efforts (SOCE) or gender identity change efforts (GICE).   What does the record show about the efficacy and effects of SOCE and GICE? What motivates individuals to seek these harmful treatments, either for themselves or for their children? This book synthesizes findings from a vast literature base to answer these and other important questions, in hopes of fully discrediting SOCE and GICE once and for all.   Over the last four decades, considerable research has showed SOCE to be not only ineffective, but harmful. As a result of these findings, professional organizations such as the American Psychological Association (APA) have denounced the practice and recommended affirmative, supportive treatment instead.   Although SOCE have been widely discredited, they remain legal in most states and continue to be practiced with lesbian, gay, and bisexual children and adolescents. Furthermore, as the past 20 years have seen an increase in gender nonconforming and transgender individuals, there has been a similar rise in efforts to socially reprogram gender nonconforming children and adolescents.   This volume is grounded in the principle long embraced by the scientific and healthcare communities—that same-sex attraction and gender nonconformity are not signs of psychopathology. Rather, sexual and gender minority individuals should be supported in embracing their own identities. This affirmative approach to practice with sexual and gender minorities is consistent with decades of APA policy and ethics.

Gandhi Against Caste 1st Table of contents:

 I. CHANGE EFFORTS: THE EVIDENCE BASE
 1. Research on Sexual Orientation Change Efforts: A Summary
Background on Sexual Orientation and SOCE
Prevalence
Historical Issues
Research Issues
Research Review 1960–2008
Current SOCE Research 2009–2020
Post-2009 Studies of SOCE in Children and Youth
Synthesis of Research Findings
Future Directions
Conclusion
 2. Gender Identity Change Efforts: A Summary
Sex–Gender Incongruence Is a Normal Human Variation
Stigma in Health Care Settings
Treatments for Gender Identity
Stigma, Discrimination, Violence, and Psychological Harm
Where Do We Go From Here? Developing the Case for Gender-Affirming Practices
 II. MINORITY STRESS AND COLLATERAL IMPACT
 3. Minority Stress and Change Efforts
Fundamentals of Minority Stress Theory
Stress Processes
Coping and Resilience
Psychological Sense of Community
Concealment Revisited
The Role of Intersectionality
Implications for SOCE and GICE
 4. The Role of Families in Efforts to Change, Support, and Affirm Sexual Orientation, Gender Identity, and Expression in Children and Youth
Effects and Prevalence of SOGIECE Among Youth
Families and Conversion Efforts
Critical Issues for Families of Traditional Faiths and Cultures
Future Directions: From Preventing Harm to Promoting Well-Being
Conclusion
 5. The Role of Religion in Sexual Orientation Change Efforts and Gender Identity Change Efforts
Why the Tension Between Some Religious Traditions and Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity?
Religion-Based Efforts to Change LGBTQI+ Orientations and Behavior
Why Do Some Religious Groups Encourage SOCE Without Evidence or Support From the Professional Health and Mental Health Community?
How Can Mental Health Professionals Support Patients Who Have Conflicts About Their Sexual Orientation and Their Religious Beliefs and Identity?
How Can Mental Health Professionals Work Collaboratively With Religious Groups That Engage in and Support SOCE for LGBTQI+ Persons?
Conclusion
III. AFFIRMATIVE APPROACHES: GUIDELINES AND ETHICS
 6. APAʼs Guidelines for Psychological Practice With Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual Clients and Sexual Orientation Change Efforts: A Brief History
Professional Practice Guidelines: Inclusions and Exclusions
History of the Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual Guidelines
Sexual Orientation Change Efforts in Professional Practice Guidelines
Continuing the Work: A Status Report on Research and the Political Climate
Moving Forward
 7. Using the APA Guidelines for Psychological Practice to Develop Trans-Affirming Counseling for Trans and Gender Nonconforming Clients
Definition of Trans-Affirming Counseling and Psychological Practice
TGNC-Affirming Theoretical Frameworks
Domains of Trans-Affirming Practice: Exploring Application of the TGNC Guidelines
Other Uses of the TGNC Guidelines
Limitations of the American Psychological Association TGNC Guidelines and Clinician Advocacy
Conclusion
 8. The Application of Ethical Principles, Standards, and Practices to Sexual Orientation Change Efforts and Gender Identity Change Efforts
Beneficence and Avoiding Harm
Respect for the Rights and Dignity of Others
Bases for Scientific and Professional Judgments
Competence
Affirmative Treatment in the Context of Sexual Orientation Change Efforts
Affirmative Treatment in the Context of Gender Identity Change Efforts
Conclusion
IV. AFFIRMATIVE APPROACHES: ADVOCACY AND INTERNATIONAL ISSUES
 9. Review of U.S. Public Policy, Legislative, and Judicial Work on Conversion Efforts
Nonlinear Progress Is the Historical Context of Conversion
Protections From Conversion Efforts Are Part of LGBTQ Equality Movements, and Movements Are Messy
Recent Trajectories of Conversion Effort Policies
Advocacy Strategies to End Conversion Efforts
Promising Trends in the Movement to End Conversion Efforts
10. Sexual Orientation Change Efforts and Gender Identity Change Efforts in International Contexts: Global Exports, Local Commodities
The Global Movement to End SOCE/GICE
Religion-Driven Efforts to Perpetuate SOCE/GICE
Future of SOCE/GICE in International Contexts

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