Essentials of Wireless Mesh Networking 1st Edition by Steve Methley 052187680X 9780521876803

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ISBN 10: 052187680X
ISBN 13: 9780521876803
Author: Steve Methley

Are you involved in implementing wireless mesh networks? As mesh networks move towards large-scale deployment, this highly practical book provides the information and insights you need. The technology is described, potential pitfalls in implementation are identified, clear hints and tips for success are provided, and real-world implementation examples are evaluated. Moreover, an introduction to wireless sensor networks (WSN) is included. This is an invaluable resource for electrical and communications engineers, software engineers, technology and information strategists in equipment, content and service providers, and spectrum regulators. It is also a useful guide for graduate students in wireless communications, and telecommunications.

Essentials of Wireless Mesh Networking 1st Table of contents

1 Mesh overview and terminology
1.1 What is a mesh?
1.2 The role of mesh in future networks
1.3 How do meshes work?
1.3.1 Forms of mesh
1.3.2 Planned versus ad hoc
1.3.3 Characteristics of an ad hoc pure mesh network
1.3.4 Characteristics of an access mesh
1.3.5 Meshing versus multi-hopping
1.4 Key mesh issues and the structure of this book
2 Attractive mesh attributes and applications
2.1 Example applications for mesh
2.1.1 Cellular or WLAN hotspot multi-hopping
2.1.2 Community networking
2.1.3 Home, office or college indoor networking
2.1.4 Micro base station backhaul
2.1.5 Vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs)
2.1.6 Wireless sensor networks (WSNs)
2.2 The coverage attribute
2.2.1 Rural environment with open propagation
2.2.2 Urban environment with dense obstacles
2.2.3 Extension to a mixed environment
2.3 Summary
Reference
3 Fundamentals of mesh technology
3.1 Overview
3.2 Physical layer
3.2.1 Physical versus logical meshes
3.2.2 Intra-mesh and extra-mesh traffic flows
Intra-mesh traffic architectures
Extra-mesh traffic flow
3.3 Medium access control
3.3.1 MACs for fixed and planned applications
3.3.2 MACs for mobile and ad hoc applications
3.4 Routing
3.4.1 Every node is a router
3.4.2 Every node is a relay
3.4.3 Proactive and reactive routing in ad hoc networks
3.5 Transport and applications
3.5.1 Elastic and inelastic applications
3.6 Summary
4 Mesh capacity, scalability and efficiency ? hypothesis testing
4.1 Hypothesis 1 ? Could customers self-generate capacity in a mesh?
4.1.1 Starting with the answer
4.1.2 Capacity and scaling issues ? a thought experiment
4.1.3 Challenging self-generation of capacity models
Mobile couriers
Spread spectrum and infinite spectrum
Strict localisation of traffic [6]4.1.4 Analysis of pure mesh capacity limitations
4.1.5 Underlying causes of limited capacity ? mathematical insights
4.1.6 Underlying causes of limited capacity ? physical insights
Traffic limitation
Finding a way around the problem
Mesh cutting and partitions
Practical performance
Summary of our physical insights into mesh capacity limitations
4.1.7 Further analysis of the myth of self-generation of capacity
Unbounded delay: the ?mobile-courier? scenario
The potential of using ?infinite? bandwidth
The benefit of traffic localisation
4.1.8 Hybrid mesh network capacity, examples and conclusions
4.1.9 Access mesh network capacity, examples and conclusions
4.2 Conclusions ? capacity
4.3 Hypothesis 2 ? Are meshes more efficient?
4.3.1 Spectral efficiency
4.3.2 Comparative efficiency of pure mesh and cellular
4.3.3 Efficiency of multi-hopping
Extended route length
Propagation law
4.3.4 Practical mesh networking issues
Traffic concentration
Mobility and routing overheads
Efficiency/availability trade-off
4.4 Conclusions ? omni-directional antennas
4.5 Hypothesis 3 ? Do directional antennas help a mesh?
4.5.1 Antenna steering
Requirements for vertical directionality
Null steering
4.5.2 Performance and manufacturability
Ideal antennas
Real-world antennas
4.6 Conclusions ? directional antennas
4.7 Hypothesis 4 ? Do meshes improve spectrum utilisation?
4.7.1 Spectrum ?sweet spot?
4.7.2 Use of less precious spectrum
4.8 Conclusions – utilisation
4.9 Summary of hypothesis testing
References
5 Mesh susceptibility
5.1 Interference types
5.2 Susceptibility to interference ? PHYand MAC
5.2.1 Physical layer
Carrier frequency: allocation
Carrier frequency: sub-bands
Carrier frequency: hopping
Carrier frequency: orthogonal frequency division multiplexing
Signal bandwidth
Signal bandwidth: narrowband
Signal bandwidth: wideband
Time structure: interleaving
Time structure: throughput
Modulation
Transmit power
Geometry
5.2.2 Medium access control
Centralised medium access
Frequency division multiple access
Time division multiple access
Code division multiple access
Distributed medium access
Distributed MAC inefficiencies
5.2.3 Conclusions
5.3 Dedicated mesh routing and transport approaches
5.3.1 Routing
Routing and mobility
Routing overheads
5.3.2 Transport
Traffic models and implications
5.4 Co-existence approaches
5.4.1 Knowledge based approaches
5.4.2 Geographic spectrum planning
5.5 Summary of susceptibility and co-existence issues
References
6 Mesh services and quality of service
6.1 Quality of service and levels required
6.2 Quality of service drivers
6.2.1 Would a mesh enable new services?
6.2.2 What degree of mobility could a mesh support?
Effects of mobility
The need for new mobility modelling processes
The impact of mobility on throughput: volatility
Example of network ?brittleness?
Network partitions caused by mobility
6.3 Improving quality of service by adding network infrastructure
6.3.1 Could a mesh guarantee a quality of service?
6.3.2 Dependence of QoS on user behaviour
Mobility versus connectivity
Coverage, availability and quality of service
6.3.3 Directed QoS
6.4 Quality of service summary
References
7 Summary of potential mesh pitfalls to avoid
7.1 Capacity
7.2 Infrastructure
7.3 Efficiency
7.4 Relay exhaustion
7.5 Initial roll-out
7.6 Upgradeability
7.7 Reliance on user behaviour
7.8 Ad hoc versus quality of service
7.9 Security and trust
7.10 Business case economics
7.11 Enduring attractions of mesh
Reference
8 Appropriate telecommunications applications for mesh
8.1 User side mesh applications
8.1.1 Cell boundary theory
8.1.2 Cellular multi-hop or WLAN hotspot extension
8.1.3 Community networking
8.1.4 Home and office indoor networking
8.1.5 Conclusion on user side meshing
8.2 Network side or backhaul mesh applications
8.2.1 Micro base station backhaul
8.3 Joint user and network side mesh applications
8.3.1 Vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs)
8.4 Time scales
Reference
9 Successful mesh implementations
9.1 Wireless cities
9.2 Community Internet
9.3 Vehicular ad hoc network (VANET) applications
9.4 Summary
References
10 Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) as mesh networks
10.1 Introduction
10.2 WSN sensors
10.3 WSN power sources
10.3.1 Energy scavenging/harvesting
10.4 Wireless sensor technologies and applications
10.4.1 Sensor interfacing and calibration
10.5 Differentiating RFID, mesh and sensor networks
10.5.1 RFID
10.5.2 Mesh networks
10.5.3 Wireless sensor networks
10.5.4 Comparisons between mesh and sensor networks
10.6 Differentiating 802.15.x, ZigBee and 6LoWPAN
10.6.1 IEEE 802.15.4 and ZigBee
10.6.2 6LoWPAN
10.6.3 Summary
10.7 A suggested taxonomy of WSNs: structure and equality
10.8 System architecture in sensor networks
10.8.1 WSN system requirements
10.8.2 Classic IP address-based routing and transport ? review
10.9 Unstructured WSNs
10.9.1 WSN approaches ? data-centric routing
10.9.2 WSN approaches ? geographic routing
10.9.3 WSN approaches ? other routing mechanisms
10.10 Structured WSNs
10.10.1 WSN approaches ? hierarchical
10.10.2 Structured versus unstructured
ZigBee/802.15.4 configuration
10.10.3 All nodes equal versus unequal
10.11 External routing and transport options
10.12 WSN summary

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