ESMO Handbook on Principles of Translational Research 1st Edition by Hakan Mellstedt, Dirk Schrijvers, Dimitrios Bafaloukos, Richard Griel ISBN 0415410916 9780415410915

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Product details:

ISBN 10: 0415410916 
ISBN 13: 9780415410915
Author: Hakan Mellstedt, Dirk Schrijvers, Dimitrios Bafaloukos, Richard Griel

ESMO Handbook on Principles of Translational Research 1st Table of contents:

1 Principles of normal cell biology
Normal cell structure
Introduction
Cell organelles and structures
Mitochondria
Endoplasmic reticulum
Golgi apparatus
Lysosomes
Proteasome
Centrioles
Centrosomes
Ribosomes
Nucleosome
Cell cycle
Cell cycle phases
G1, phase
S phase
G2phase
M phase
Cell cycle regulation
G1/S cell cycle checkpoint
G2/M cell cycle checkpoint
M-phase progression
Centrosome maturation
p53
Protein metabolism
DNA transcription and translation
Transcription
Translation
Protein modification and repair
Regulation of protein production
Protein degradation
Mechanisms
Lysosomes
Signal transduction
Classifications of signal-transducing receptors
Receptor tyrosine kinases
Non-receptor protein tyrosine kinases
Receptor serine/threonine kinases
Non-receptor serine/threonine kinases
Phosphatidylinositol 3’-kinase
G-Protein-coupled receptors
Intracellular hormone receptors
Phosphatases in signal transduction
Specific pathways
Ras pathway
p53 pathway
Further reading
2 Principles of immunology: an overview of basic immunology
Introduction
Innate and adaptive immune system
Innate immunity
Adaptive immunity
Humoral immunity: B cells and antibodies
Cell-mediated immunity
T cell categories
Major histocompatibility complex and antigen presentation
MHC class I molecules
MHC class II molecules
Tolerance and immunological anergy
Further reading
3 Principles of tumor biology
Introduction
Gene mutations
Causes of mutations
Repair of DNA damage
Carcinogenesis
Tumor initiation
Tumor promotion
Tumor promoters
Malignant conversion
Tumor progression
The malignant phenotype
Self-sufficiency in growth signal
Insensitivity to antigrowth signals
Evading apoptosis
Effectors
Limitless replicative potential
Sustained angiogenesis
Tissue invasion and metastasis
Interference with the microenvironment
Extracellular proteases
Conclusions
Further reading
4 Fundamentals of tumor immunology
Introduction
Immune surveillance theory
Tumor-associated antigens
Tumor immunogenicity
Lack of co-stimulation
Immune escape mechanisms of tumors
Production of immunosuppressve cytokines
Production of prostaglandins, reactive oxygen species, and nitric oxide (Figure 4.1)
Downregulation of MHC molecules (Figure 4.2)
Downregulation or modification of TAAs
Obstruction of apoptosis (Figure 4.3)
Regulatory T cells and cancer
Conclusions
Further reading
5 Self-sufficiency
Introduction
Growth signals
Growth receptors
Signaling pathways
Self-sufficiency in cancer cells
Modulation of growth factor provision
Modulation of growth factor receptor activity
Overexpression
Gene mutations
Influencing extracellular matrix
Modulation of intracellular signaling pathways
RAS
RAF
CRK
SRC
Conclusions
Further reading
6 Limitless replicative potential
Introduction
Telomeres and telomerase
Telomere structure and function
Telomerase
Targeting telomerase/telomere mechanisms (Table 6.1)
Inhibition of telomerase activity
Targeting the telomere
Accessibility of telomerase to the telomere
Concerns about telomerase and telomere as anticancer agents
Cancer stem cells
Characteristics of cancer stem cells
Origin of cancer stem cells
Evidence for cancer stem cells
Pathways in cancer stem cells
Therapeutic implications
Overcoming drug resistance
Stem cell inhibitors
Targeting cancer stem cell self-renewal
Drugs selective for cancer stem cells
Further reading
7 Regulation of apoptosis
Introduction
Molecular mechanisms of apoptosis
Caspases
Death receptors and the extrinsic pathway
Mitochondria and the intrinsic pathway
Apoptotic regulatory pathways
p53
The Bcl-2 family
NF-kB
Ubiquitin—proteasome system
The PI3-K/Akt pathway
Malfunction in apoptosis and cancer
Current and promising therapeutic options in apoptosis modulation
Targeting death-receptor-mediated apoptosis
Targeting the intrinsic death pathway
Targeting Bcl-2 family members
Targeting the mitochondria
Targeting apoptosis-modulating pathways
Targeting p53
Targeting MDM2
Targeting NF-kB via HDAC and proteasome inhibition
Targeting PI3-K/Akt
Targeting distal checkpoints of cell death control
Further reading
8 Angiogenesis
Introduction
Physiopathology
Growth factors in angiogenesis
Anti-angiogenic treatment
Clinical implications
Clinical use
Monoclonal antibodies
Oral agents
Conclusions
9 Cancer cells and tumor-associated host cells: therapeutic implications
Introduction
The cancer cell as ‘seed’
Mechanisms of action
Clinical implications
Clinical use
Conclusions
Acknowledgment
Further reading
10 New drug development
Introduction
Anticancer drug development
Conventional anticancer drug development
Drug discovery
Preclinical development
Phase I clinical studies
Phase II clinical studies
Phase III clinical studies
Postregistration studies
Drug development with targeted anticancer agents
Toxicity profile
Response evaluation
Study population
Population enrichment
Study design
Combination with cytoxic agents
Redefining anticancer drug development
Further reading
11 Inhibition of receptor tyrosine kinases
Tyrosine kinases and cancer
Cell signaling by receptor tyrosine kinases
Tyrosine kinases stimulate the growth of malignant cells and tumor stroma
RTKs involved in driving the growth of malignant cells
Activating translocations
Gene amplification
Point mutations and small deletions
RTKs involved in angiogenesis and in recruitment of tumor fibroblasts
Drugs inhibiting tyrosine kinase signaling
Inhibitory antibodies
Low-molecular-weight inhibitors of tyrosine kinases
Future perspectives
Further reading
12 Monoclonal antibodies
Introduction
Mechanisms of action
Clinical use
Epidermal growth factor receptor family
B-cell idiotypes
Vascular endothelial growth factor
Toxicity
Conclusions
Further reading
13 Gene therapy
Introduction
Vectors for gene therapy
Viral vectors
Non-viral vectors
Hybrid methods
Use of gene therapy
Tumor suppressor genes
Oncogenes
Gene-directed enzyme or prodrug therapy
Expression of cytotoxic or pro-apoptotic genes
Immunogene therapy
Problems
Conclusions
Further reading
14 Cancer vaccines
Introduction
Basic science
Mechanism of action
Tumor antigens
Tumor cells
Peptides
DNA
Adjuvants
Combination therapy
Clinical implications
Clinical use
Further reading
15 Combination treatment
Introduction
Development of combination treatment
Non-small cell lung cancer
Colorectal cancer
Conclusions
Further reading
16 Safety of targeted therapies
Introduction
Monoclonal antibodies
Trastuzumab
Cetuximab
Bevacizumab
Colorectal cancer
Non-small cell lung cancer
Summary
Small molecules
Erlotinib
Gefitinib
Imatinib
Multityrosine kinase inhibitors
Sorafenib
Sunitinib
Conclusions
Further reading
17 Functional immunology and biomarkers
Introduction
Fundamental considerations for measuring antitumor responses
Clinical implications
Clinical use
Further reading
18 Assessment of protein profiles (proteomics) as biomarkers
Introduction
Use of biomarkers in drug development
Functional imaging for the development of anti-angiogenic agents
Assessment of proteins
Conclusions
Further reading

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Tags: Hakan Mellstedt, Dirk Schrijvers, Dimitrios Bafaloukos, Richard Griel, ESMO, Translational