Body Size The Structure and Function of Aquatic Ecosystems 1st Edition by Alan G Hildrew, David G Raffaelli, Ronni Edmonds Brown ISBN 0521861721 9780521679671

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ISBN 10: 0521861721 
ISBN 13: 9780521679671
Author: Alan G Hildrew, David G Raffaelli, Ronni Edmonds Brown

Body Size The Structure and Function of Aquatic Ecosystems 1st Table of contents:

CHAPTER ONE The metabolic theory of ecology and the role of body size in marine and freshwater ecosy
Introduction
Background
Individual level: metabolic rate, production and life-history traits
Population and community levels: growth, mortality and abundance
Ecosystem level: flux and storage of energy and materials
Concluding remarks
References
CHAPTER TWO Body size and suspension feeding
Introduction
The hydrodynamic implications of body size
Body size changes during ontogeny and evolution
Limits to maximum body size
Particle capture as a predator-prey relationship
Body size and food availability (body size and solid-fluid interfaces)
Conclusions
References
CHAPTER THREE Life histories and body size
Introduction
Understanding and predicting the evolution of body size
Key elements of life-history theory
Optimality models
Adaptive dynamics
Methodological issues
Determining trade-offs
Frequency and density dependence
Predicting life-history plasticity
Interpreting phenotypic variation
Ecological applications of life-history analysis
Fishing-induced evolution
Understanding relationships with temperature, and improving biomass estimates
Shifts in the community size spectrum, and impacts on ecosystem function
Life-history analysis and scaling relationships
Key elements
Methodological issues
Determining the scaling exponent
Identifying invariant quantities in life histories
Determining the effects of selection on scaling exponents
Relationship between intraspecific and interspecific allometries
Ecological applications
Estimating global patterns of mortality
Improving predictions of global patterns of life history
Conclusion
Acknowledgements
References
CHAPTER FOUR Relationship between biomass turnover and body size for stream communities
Introduction
The predictions
Prediction 1
Prediction 2
Prediction 3
Prediction 4
Study streams
Ogeechee River
Upper Ball Creek
Sutton Stream and Stony Creek
Tests of predictions
Results
Discussion
Appendix I A primer on secondary production and the P/B
References
CHAPTER FIVE Body size in streams: macroinvertebrate community size composition along natural and hu
Introduction
Different approaches for matching body size with environmental gradients
Descriptive studies of abiotic gradients
Descriptive studies of biotic gradients
Descriptive studies of complex gradients
Experimental studies
Analysis of a new database for New Zealand streams
Methods
Study sites
Fish
Macroinvertebrates
Physicochemical conditions
Statistical analyses
Results
Body-size patterns along environmental gradients and their utility for biomonitoring
Acknowledgements
References
CHAPTER SIX Body size and predatory interactions in freshwaters: scaling from individuals to communi
Introduction
Feeding and size: processes at the individual level
Scaling to species
The other side of the equation: community-size distributions
Macroecological patterns: consequences of body-size shifts in response to environmental gradients
Conclusions
References
CHAPTER SEVEN Body size and trophic cascades in lakes
Introduction
Body size
Productivity
Turnover rate
Complexity
Alternative equilibria
Conclusions
Acknowledgements
References
CHAPTER EIGHT Body size and scale invariance: multifractals in invertebrate communities
Introduction
Data collection
Power-law and scaling relationships
Density – body-mass scaling with sample area
Density and biomass scaling
Linking scaling relationships to niche and dispersal-mediated species-abundance patterns
Fractal properties of size-structured communities
Multifractal species-area relationships
Conclusions
Acknowledgements
References
CHAPTER NINE Body size and biogeography
Introduction
The absolute abundance of microbial species-populations
The cosmopolitan-biogeography transition
Testing the theory of cosmopolitan distribution
Cryptic protist diversity exceeds the diversity of ‘active’ species, and the habitat selects
Dispersal of free-living protists is essentially random
Cosmopolitan distribution implies the existence of similar species inventories in similar habitats i
Endemic species
Local: global species ratios
Undersampling
Species concepts
Cosmopolitan genotypes
‘Biogeography’ of microbes?
General validity
Neutral theory – local: global species ratios
Concluding remarks
Acknowledgements
References
CHAPTER TEN By wind, wings or water: body size, dispersal and range size in aquatic invertebrates
Introduction
Dispersal and body size in aquatic invertebrates
Active dispersers in freshwaters
Passive dispersers in freshwaters
Dispersal in marine systems
Dispersal, macroecology and body sizecase studies
Active dispersers in freshwaters
Passive dispersers in freshwaters
Dispersal in marine systems
Conclusions
References
CHAPTER ELEVEN Body size and diversity in marine systems
Introduction
Species guilds
Adult-body size distributions in integral benthic assemblages
All-animal body-size distributions in integral benthic assemblages
Pelagic assemblages
Effects of pollution and disturbance
Discussion and conclusion
Acknowledgements
References
CHAPTER TWELVE Interplay between individual growth and population feedbacks shapes body-size distrib
Body size in contemporary ecology
Neglected aspects of body size in contemporary ecology
Development and growth – a retrospective overview
Scaling constraints and growth patterns
Individual-level formulations for how individuals grow – linkage to community patterns
Developments of an explicit link from individual body size to population dynamics
Modelling framework
Ontogenetic development – dynamical aspects
Ontogenetic development and community structure
Extensions to more complex configurations
Conclusions
Acknowledgements
References
CHAPTER THIRTEEN The consequences of body size in model microbial ecosystems
Introduction
Methods
General methods
Choice of species
Description of the four experiments and data sets
Experiment 1
Experiment 2
Experiment 3
Experiment 4
Population consequences of body size
Community consequences of body size
Ecosystem consequences of body size
Results
Population consequences of body size – results
Community consequences of body size – results
Ecosystem consequences of body size – results
Discussion
Population consequences of body size – discussion
Community consequences of body size – discussion
Ecosystem consequences of body size – discussion
Closing remarks
Acknowledgements
References
CHAPTER FOURTEEN Body size, exploitation and conservation of marine organisms
Introduction
Setting: the magnitude of fishing effects
Size-related responses to exploitation
Linking body size, life histories and population dynamics
Population dynamics and responses to mortality
Intrinsic rates of increase
Density dependence
Communities and their responses to mortality
Size-based structuring of marine communities
Describing and predicting responses to mortality
Conclusions
Acknowledgements
References
CHAPTER FIFTEEN How body size mediates the role of animals in nutrient cycling in aquatic ecosystems
Introduction
Body size and nutrient excretion
Rates
Ratios of N and P
Body size and nutrient translocation
Consequences of size-varying nutrient cycling
Variation in body-size distributions
Estimating nutrient flux from biomass size distributions
Predator control of prey body size and nutrient cycling
The effect of harvesting-induced changes in animal size structure on nutrient cycling
The next steps?
Acknowledgements
References
CHAPTER SIXTEEN Body sizes in food chains of animal predators and parasites
Introduction
Theory
Maximal and minimal body masses
Predicted value of the exponent
Ratios and differences of consumer mass and resource mass
Data
Studies of a well-defined community
Studies that pool multiple communities
Discussion
Acknowledgements
References
CHAPTER SEVENTEEN Body size in aquatic ecology: important, but not the whole story
Introduction
Body size and metabolic theory
Other empirical, theoretical and conceptual backgrounds

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Tags: Alan G Hildrew, David G Raffaelli, Ronni Edmonds Brown, Structure, Aquatic Ecosystems