Behaviour Modification Principles and Procedures 4th Edition by Raymond G Miltenberger ISBN 0495091537 9780495091530

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ISBN 10: 0495091537 
ISBN 13: 9780495091530
Author: Raymond G Miltenberger

Behaviour Modification Principles and Procedures 4th Table of contents:

1. Introduction to Behavior Modification
1-1. Defining Human Behavior
1-2. Examples of Behavior
1-3. Defining Behavior Modification
1-4. Characteristics of Behavior Modification
1-5. Historical Roots of Behavior Modification
Major Figures
Early Behavior Modification Researchers
Major Publications and Events
1-6. Areas of Application
Developmental Disabilities and Autism Spectrum Disorder
Mental Illness
Education and Special Education
Rehabilitation
Community Psychology
Clinical Psychology
Business, Industry, and Human Services
Self-Management
Child Behavior Management
Prevention
Sports Performance
Health-Related Behaviors
Gerontology
1-7. Professional Practice, Certification, and Ethics
1-8. New Directions in Behavior Modification
Treatment Implementation Via Telehealth
1-9. The Structure of This Textbook
Measurement of Behavior and Behavior Change
Basic Principles of Behavior
Procedures to Establish New Behaviors
Procedures to Increase Desirable Behaviors and Decrease Undesirable Behaviors
Other Behavior Change Procedures
Chapter Summary
Key Terms
Practice Quiz 1
Practice Quiz 2
Practice Quiz 3
Practice Test
2. Observing and Recording Behavior
2-1. Direct and Indirect Assessment
Direct assessment is preferred.
2-2. Defining the Target Behavior
Labels Are Not Behavior
2-3. The Logistics of Recording
The Observer
When and Where to Record
2-4. Choosing a Recording Method
Continuous Recording
Product Recording
Sampling Methods
2-5. Choosing a Recording Instrument
Recording Must Be Immediate
2-6. Reactivity
You Can Reduce Reactivity
2-7. Interobserver Agreement
Chapter Summary
Key Terms
Practice Quiz 1
Practice Quiz 2
Practice Quiz 3
Practice Test
Applications
Misapplications
3. Graphing Behavior and Measuring Change
3-1. Components of a Graph
3-2. Graphing Behavioral Data
Graphing Data from Different Recording Procedures
Evaluating Behavior Change in a Graph: Level, Trend, and Variability
3-3. Graphing Data to Evaluate Treatment: The A–B Graph
3-4. Graphing Data to Demonstrate a Functional Relationship: Research Designs
A–B–A–B Reversal Design
Multiple-Baseline Design
Alternating-Treatments Design
Changing-Criterion Design
Chapter Summary
Key Terms
Practice Quiz 1
Practice Quiz 2
Practice Quiz 3
Practice Test
Applications
Misapplications
4. Reinforcement
4-1. Defining Reinforcement
4-2. Positive and Negative Reinforcement
Social versus Automatic Reinforcement
4-3. Escape and Avoidance Behaviors
Distinguishing between Escape and Avoidance Behavior
4-4. Conditioned and Unconditioned Reinforcers
4-5. Factors That Influence the Effectiveness of Reinforcement
Immediacy
Contingency
Motivating Operations
Individual Differences
Magnitude
4-6. Schedules of Reinforcement
Fixed Ratio
Variable Ratio
Fixed Interval
Variable Interval
4-7. Reinforcing Different Dimensions of Behavior
4-8. Concurrent Schedules of Reinforcement
4-9. Multiple Schedules of Reinforcement
Chapter Summary
Key Terms
Practice Quiz 1
Practice Quiz 2
Practice Quiz 3
Practice Test
Appendix A
Appendix B
5. Extinction
5-1. Defining Extinction
5-2. Extinction Burst
5-3. Spontaneous Recovery
5-4. Procedural Variations of Extinction
5-5. A Common Misconception about Extinction
5-6. Factors That Influence Extinction
The Reinforcement Schedule before Extinction
Reinforcement of the Behavior after Extinction
Reinforcement of Functionally Equivalent Alternative Behavior during Extinction
Chapter Summary
Key Terms
Practice Quiz 1
Practice Quiz 2
Practice Quiz 3
Practice Test
Appendix A
6. Punishment
6-1. Defining Punishment
6-2. A Common Misconception about Punishment
6-3. Positive and Negative Punishment
6-4. Unconditioned and Conditioned Punishers
6-5. Contrasting Reinforcement and Punishment
6-6. Factors That Influence the Effectiveness of Punishment
Immediacy
Contingency
Motivating Operations
Individual Differences and Magnitude of the Punisher
6-7. Problems with Punishment
Emotional Reactions to Punishment
Escape and Avoidance
Negative Reinforcement for the Use of Punishment
Punishment and Modeling
Ethical Issues
Chapter Summary
Key Terms
Practice Quiz 1
Practice Quiz 2
Practice Quiz 3
Practice Test
Appendix A
7. Stimulus Control: Discrimination and Generalization
7-1. Examples of Stimulus Control
7-2. Defining Stimulus Control
7-3. Developing Stimulus Control: Stimulus Discrimination Training
Discrimination Training in the Laboratory
Developing Reading and Spelling with Discrimination Training
Stimulus Discrimination Training and Punishment
7-4. The Three-Term Contingency
7-5. Stimulus Control Research
7-6. Generalization
Examples of Generalization
7-7. Stimulus Equivalence
Chapter Summary
Key Terms
Practice Quiz 1
Practice Quiz 2
Practice Quiz 3
Practice Test
Appendix A
8. Respondent Conditioning
8-1. Examples of Respondent Conditioning
8-2. Defining Respondent Conditioning
8-3. Timing of the Neutral Stimulus and Unconditioned Stimulus
8-4. Higher-Order Conditioning
8-5. Conditioned Emotional Responses
8-6. Extinction of Conditioned Responses
Spontaneous Recovery
8-7. Discrimination and Generalization of Respondent Behavior
8-8. Factors That Influence Respondent Conditioning
The Nature of the Neutral Stimulus and Unconditioned Stimulus
The Temporal Relationship between the Neutral Stimulus and Unconditioned Stimulus
Contingency between the Neutral Stimulus and Unconditioned Stimulus
The Number of Pairings
Previous Exposure to the Neutral Stimulus
8-9. Distinguishing between Operant and Respondent Conditioning
8-10. Respondent Conditioning and Behavior Modification
Chapter Summary
Key Terms
Practice Quiz 1
Practice Quiz 2
Practice Quiz 3
Practice Test
9. Shaping
9-1. An Example of Shaping: Teaching a Child to Talk
9-2. Defining Shaping
9-3. Applications of Shaping
Getting Mrs. F to Walk Again
Getting Mrs. S to Increase the Time between Bathroom Visits
9-4. Research on Shaping
9-5. How to Use Shaping
9-6. Shaping of Problem Behaviors
Chapter Summary
Key Terms
Practice Quiz 1
Practice Quiz 2
Practice Quiz 3
Practice Test
Applications
Misapplications
10. Prompting and Transfer of Stimulus Control
10-1. An Example of Prompting and Fading: Teaching Tee-Ball Players to Hit the Ball
10-2. What Is Prompting?
10-3. What Is Fading?
10-4. Types of Prompts
Response Prompts
Stimulus Prompts
10-5. Transfer of Stimulus Control
Prompt Fading
Prompt Delay
Stimulus Fading
10-6. How to Use Prompting and Transfer of Stimulus Control
10-7. Prompting and Transfer of Stimulus Control in Autism Treatment
10-8. Verbal Behavior
Echoic
Mand
Tact
Intraverbal
Multiple Control of Verbal Operants
Teaching Verbal Behavior to Children with Autism
Chapter Summary
Key Terms
Practice Quiz 1
Practice Quiz 2
Practice Quiz 3
Practice Test
Applications
Misapplications
11. Chaining
11-1. Examples of Behavioral Chains
11-2. Analyzing Stimulus–Response Chains
11-3. Task Analysis
11-4. Backward Chaining
11-5. Forward Chaining
11-6. Total Task Presentation
11-7. Other Strategies for Teaching Behavioral Chains
Written Task Analysis
Picture Prompts
Video Modeling
Self-Instructions
11-8. How to Use Chaining Procedures
Chapter Summary
Key Terms
Practice Quiz 1
Practice Quiz 2
Practice Quiz 3
Practice Test
Applications
Misapplications
12. Behavioral Skills Training Procedures
12-1. Examples of Behavioral Skills Training Procedures
Teaching Marcia to Say “No” to the Professors
Teaching Children to Protect Themselves from Abduction
12-2. Components of the Behavioral Skills Training Procedure
Instructions
Modeling
Rehearsal
Feedback
12-3. Enhancing Generalization after Behavioral Skills Training
12-4. In Situ Assessment
12-5. In Situ Training
12-6. Behavioral Skills Training and the Three-Term Contingency
12-7. Behavioral Skills Training in Groups
12-8. Applications of Behavioral Skills Training Procedures
12-9. How to Use Behavioral Skills Training Procedures
Chapter Summary
Key Terms
Practice Quiz 1
Practice Quiz 2
Practice Quiz 3
Practice Test
Applications
Misapplications
13. Understanding Problem Behaviors through Functional Assessment
13-1. Examples of Functional Assessment
Jacob
Anna
13-2. Defining Functional Assessment
13-3. Functions of Problem Behaviors
Social Positive Reinforcement
Social Negative Reinforcement
Automatic Positive Reinforcement
Automatic Negative Reinforcement
13-4. Functional Assessment Methods
Indirect Methods
Direct Observation Methods
Experimental Methods (Functional Analysis)
13-5. Functional Analysis Research
13-6. Conducting a Functional Assessment
13-7. Functional Interventions
Chapter Summary
Key Terms
Practice Quiz 1
Practice Quiz 2
Practice Quiz 3
Practice Test
Applications
Misapplications
14. Applying Extinction
14-1. The Case of Willy
14-2. Using Extinction to Decrease a Problem Behavior
Collecting Data to Assess Treatment Effects
Identifying the Reinforcer for the Problem Behavior through Functional Assessment
Eliminating the Reinforcer after Each Instance of the Problem Behavior
14-3. Taking Account of the Schedule of Reinforcement before Extinction
14-4. Reinforcing Alternative Behaviors
14-5. Promoting Generalization and Maintenance
14-6. Research Evaluating the Use of Extinction
Chapter Summary
Key Terms
Practice Quiz 1
Practice Quiz 2
Practice Quiz 3
Practice Test
Applications
Misapplications
Appendix A. Reinforcement Illustrated by Each Example in Table 14-2
Appendix B. Extinction Implementation for Each Example in Table 14-2
15. Differential Reinforcement
15-1. Differential Reinforcement of Alternative Behavior
Getting Mrs. Williams to Be Positive
When to Use DRA
How to Use DRA
Using Differential Negative Reinforcement of Alternative Behaviors
Variations of DRA
Research on DRA
15-2. Differential Reinforcement of Other Behavior
Defining DRO
Implementing DRO
Research Evaluating DRO Procedures
15-3. Differential Reinforcement of Low Rates of Responding
Defining DRL
Variations of DRL
How are DRO and Spaced-Responding DRL Different?
Implementing DRL Procedures
Research Evaluating DRL Procedures
Chapter Summary
Key Terms
Practice Quiz 1
Practice Quiz 2
Practice Quiz 3
Practice Test
Applications
Misapplications
16. Antecedent Interventions
16-1. Examples of Antecedent Interventions
Getting Marianne to Study More
Getting Cal to Eat Right
16-2. Defining Antecedent Interventions
Presenting the Discriminative Stimulus ( S D ) or Cues for the Desired Behavior
Arranging Establishing Operations for the Desirable Behavior
Decreasing Response Effort for the Desirable Behavior
Removing the Discriminative Stimulus or Cues for Undesirable Behaviors
Presenting Abolishing Operations for Undesirable Behaviors
Increasing the Response Effort for Undesirable Behaviors
16-3. Research on Antecedent Interventions
Manipulating Discriminative Stimuli
Manipulating Response Effort
Manipulating Motivating Operations
16-4. Using Antecedent Interventions
Analysis of the Three-Term Contingency for the Desirable Behavior
Analysis of the Three-Term Contingency for the Undesirable Behavior
16-5. Functional Interventions for Problem Behaviors
Chapter Summary
Key Terms
Practice Quiz 1
Practice Quiz 2
Practice Quiz 3
Practice Test
Applications
Misapplications
17. Using Punishment: Time-Out and Response Cost
17-1. Time-Out
Types of Time-Out
Using Reinforcement with Time-Out
Considerations in Using Time-Out
Research Evaluating Time-Out Procedures
17-2. Response Cost
Defining Response Cost
Using Differential Reinforcement with Response Cost
Comparing Response Cost, Time-Out, and Extinction
Considerations in Using Response Cost
Research Evaluating Response Cost Procedures
Chapter Summary
Key Terms
Practice Quiz 1
Practice Quiz 2
Practice Quiz 3
Practice Test
Applications
Misapplications
18. Positive Punishment Procedures and the Ethics of Punishment
18-1. Punishment by Application of Aversive Activities
Overcorrection
Contingent Exercise
Guided Compliance
Physical Restraint
Cautions in Punishment by the Application of Aversive Activities
18-2. Punishment by Application of Aversive Stimulation
18-3. Positive Punishment: Treatment of Last Resort
18-4. Considerations in Using Positive Punishment
18-5. The Ethics of Punishment
Informed Consent
Alternative Treatments
Recipient Safety
Problem Severity
Implementation Guidelines
Training and Supervision
Peer Review
Accountability: Preventing Misuse and Overuse
Chapter Summary
Key Terms
Practice Quiz 1
Practice Quiz 2
Practice Quiz 3
Practice Test
Applications
Misapplications
19. Promoting Generalization
19-1. Examples of Generalization Programming
19-2. Defining Generalization
19-3. Strategies for Promoting Generalization of Behavior Change
Reinforcing Occurrences of Generalization
Training Skills That Contact Natural Contingencies of Reinforcement
Modifying Contingencies of Reinforcement and Punishment in the Natural Environment
Incorporating a Variety of Relevant Stimulus Situations in Training
Incorporating Common Stimuli
Teaching a Range of Functionally Equivalent Responses
Providing Cues in the Natural Environment
Incorporating Self-Generated Mediators of Generalization
19-4. Implementing Strategies to Promote Generalization
19-5. Promoting Generalized Reductions in Problem Behaviors
Chapter Summary
Key Terms
Practice Quiz 1
Practice Quiz 2
Practice Quiz 3
Practice Test
Applications
Misapplications
20. Self-Management
20-1. Examples of Self-Management
Getting Murray to Run Regularly
Getting Annette to Clean up Her Mess
20-2. Defining Self-Management Problems
20-3. Defining Self-Management
20-4. Types of Self-Management Strategies
Goal Setting and Self-Monitoring
Antecedent Interventions
Behavioral Contracting
Arranging Reinforcers and Punishers
Social Support
Self-Instructions and Self-Praise
20-5. Steps in a Self-Management Plan
20-6. Clinical Problems
Chapter Summary
Key Terms
Practice Quiz 1
Practice Quiz 2
Practice Quiz 3
Practice Test
Applications
Misapplications
21. Habit Reversal Procedures
21-1. Examples of Habit Behaviors
21-2. Defining Habit Behaviors
Nervous Habits
Motor and Vocal Tics
Stuttering
21-3. Habit Reversal Procedures
21-4. Applications of Habit Reversal
Nervous Habits
Motor and Vocal Tics
Stuttering
21-5. Why Do Habit Reversal Procedures Work?
21-6. Other Treatment Procedures for Habit Disorders
Chapter Summary
Key Terms
Practice Quiz 1
Practice Quiz 2
Practice Quiz 3
Practice Test
Applications
Misapplications
22. The Token Economy
22-1. Rehabilitating Sammy
22-2. Defining a Token Economy
22-3. Implementing a Token Economy
Defining the Target Behaviors
Identifying the Items to Use as Tokens
Identifying Backup Reinforcers
Deciding on the Appropriate Schedule of Reinforcement
Establishing the Token Exchange Rate
Establishing the Time and Place for Exchanging Tokens
Deciding Whether to Use Response Cost
Staff Training and Management
22-4. Practical Considerations
22-5. Applications of a Token Economy
22-6. Advantages and Disadvantages of a Token Economy
Chapter Summary
Key Terms
Practice Quiz 1
Practice Quiz 2
Practice Quiz 3
Practice Test
Applications
Misapplications
23. Behavioral Contracts
23-1. Examples of Behavioral Contracting
Getting Stavros to Complete His Dissertation
Helping Dan and His Parents Get Along Better
23-2. Defining the Behavioral Contract
23-3. Components of a Behavioral Contract
23-4. Types of Behavioral Contracts
One-Party Contracts
Two-Party Contracts
23-5. Negotiating a Behavioral Contract
23-6. Why Do Behavioral Contracts Influence Behavior?
23-7. Applications of Behavioral Contracts
Chapter Summary
Key Terms
Practice Quiz 1
Practice Quiz 2
Practice Quiz 3
Practice Test
Applications
Misapplications
24. Fear and Anxiety Reduction Procedures
24-1. Examples of Fear and Anxiety Reduction
Overcoming Trisha’s Fear of Public Speaking
Overcoming Allison’s Fear of Spiders
24-2. Defining Fear and Anxiety Problems
24-3. Procedures to Reduce Fear and Anxiety
Relaxation Training
Fear Reduction Procedures
24-4. Clinical Problems
Chapter Summary
Key Terms
Practice Quiz 1
Practice Quiz 2
Practice Quiz 3
Practice Test
Applications
Misapplications
25. Cognitive Behavior Modification
25-1. Examples of Cognitive Behavior Modification
Helping Daniel Control His Anger
Helping Claire Pay Attention in Class
25-2. Defining Cognitive Behavior Modification
Defining Cognitive Behavior
Functions of Cognitive Behavior
25-3. Cognitive Behavior Modification Procedures
Cognitive Restructuring
Cognitive Coping Skills Training
Acceptance-Based Therapies
25-4. Clinical Problems
Chapter Summary
Key Terms
Practice Quiz 1
Practice Quiz 2
Practice Quiz 3

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