Behaviour and Physiology of Root Herbivores 1st Edition by Scott N Johnson, Ivan Hiltpold, Ted CJ Turlings ISBN 0124171656 9780124171657

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ISBN 10: 0124171656 
ISBN 13: 9780124171657
Author: Scott N Johnson, Ivan Hiltpold, Ted CJ Turlings

Drawing on expertise from around the world, this volume identifies our current state of knowledge about the behavior and physiology of root herbivores. In particular, this work describes prevailing concepts and theories based on historical and current literature and identifies what new technologies and approaches are available to researchers in the field. Chapters address how root herbivore behavior and physiology is affected by the biotic and abiotic soil environment, cover case studies of globally significant pests and discuss advances in molecular techniques. Covering all aspects of behavioral and physiological responses of root herbivores to their environment, this will be valuable reading for researchers and professionals in agricultural entomology, plant science, ecology and soil science.

Behaviour and Physiology of Root Herbivores 1st Table of contents:

Chapter One: Living in the Soil Matrix: Abiotic Factors Affecting Root Herbivores
1. Introduction
2. Soil Moisture
2.1. Direct effects on root herbivores
2.1.1. Physiology
2.1.2. Behaviour
2.2. Plant-mediated effects on root herbivores
2.2.1. Host plant location
2.2.2. Host plant quality
2.2.3. Plant microbes and host plant quality
2.3. Soil moisture and other abiotic soil properties
2.3.1. Oxygen and carbon dioxide
2.3.2. Soil pH
2.4. Soil moisture and root herbivore antagonists
2.4.1. Entomopathogenic nematodes
2.4.2. Carnivorous insects
2.4.3. Insect pathogens
2.5. Soil moisture and anthropogenic pest control
3. Soil Temperature
3.1. Mechanisms of temperature change
3.1.1. Depth
3.1.2. Physical characteristics of the soil
3.1.3. Vegetation
3.2. Effects of temperature on root herbivores
3.2.1. Movement
3.2.2. Feeding
3.2.3. Reproduction
3.2.4. Growth rate
4. Carbon Dioxide in the Soil
4.1. Direct effects
4.2. Plant-mediated effects
5. Soil pH
5.1. Effects on larval physiology
5.2. Effects on egg development
6. Soil Texture and Structure
6.1. Oviposition behaviour of maternal insects
6.2. Effects on larval behaviour
6.3. Direct and indirect effects of soil compaction
7. Fertilisation and Soil Nutrients
8. Concluding Remarks
Acknowledgements
References
Chapter Two: The Role of Plant Primary and Secondary Metabolites in Root-Herbivore Behaviour, Nutrit
1. Introduction
2. Volatile-Mediated Host Location
3. Host Selection via Soluble Root Exudates
4. The Role of Endogenous Primary Metabolites in Host Acceptance and Foraging
5. The Role of Endogenous Secondary Metabolites in Host Acceptance and Foraging
6. Food-Quality Aspects of Root-Herbivore Interactions I: Primary Metabolites
7. Food-Quality Aspects of Root-Herbivore Interactions II: Secondary Metabolites
8. Microbial Interactions
9. Conclusions and Outlook
Acknowledgements
References
Chapter Three: Nature, Evolution and Characterisation of Rhizospheric Chemical Exudates Affecting Ro
1. Introduction
1.1. Soil versus air
1.2. Root exudation of chemical compounds in the rhizosphere
1.3. Root-mediated chemical identification and selection by insects
1.4. Aims and scope
2. Olfaction in Soil-Dwelling Insects
2.1. Molecular mechanisms of odour detection by insects
2.2. Smelling the dark
3. Evolution of Insect Chemotaxis in Root-Insect Interactions
3.1. Adopting an evolutionary approach
3.2. Plant location
3.3. Plant acceptance or rejection
4. Methodology in Studying Root-Insect Interactions
4.1. Insect behaviour in soil
4.1.1. What did the insect feed on?
4.1.2. What is the foraging behaviour of a soil-dwelling pest?
4.2. Collection of water-soluble organic compounds and volatile organic compounds in the rhizosphere
4.2.1. Sampling the water phase in a soil matrix
4.2.2. Sampling volatiles emitted from the roots
4.3. The rise of soil chemical ecology
5. The Chemical Ecology of the WCR: A Case Study of a Soil-Dwelling Pest
5.1. Larval studies
5.2. Attraction
5.3. Host recognition
5.4. Feeding behaviour
5.5. Application of behavioural cues in agriculture
5.6. Natural enemies, chemical ecology and pest management
6. Future Challenges and Conclusions
Acknowledgements
References
Chapter Four: The Biology, Physiology and Host-Plant Interactions of Grape Phylloxera Daktulosphaira
1. Introduction
1.1. Host range
1.2. Biotype emergence
2. Grape Phylloxera
2.1. Life cycle
2.2. Genetic diversity
3. Phylloxera and the Physiology of Galling
3.1. Cecidogenesis
3.1.1. Root-galling phylloxera
3.1.2. Leaf-galling phylloxera
3.1.3. Physiology of the nodosity
4. Phylloxera Anatomy and Physiology
4.1. Digestive system morphology
4.2. Excretory and muscular system
4.3. Salivary system
4.4. Reproductive system
4.5. External morphology
4.6. Nutritional requirements
4.7. Endosymbiotic associations
5. Host-Plant Interactions
5.1. Vitis rootstocks
5.1.1. Excised root bioassays
5.1.2. In planta and in vitro bioassays
5.1.3. Field bioassays
5.1.4. Radicole case studies
5.2. Host-associated differentiation
5.3. Host plant defence response
5.3.1. Root response to root infestation
5.3.2. Foliar response to root infestation
6. Phylloxera Interactions
6.1. Feeding behaviour
6.2. Field dynamics
7. Biotic and Abiotic Interactions
7.1. Temperature
7.2. Water and nutrients
7.3. Carbon dioxide
7.4. Soil
7.5. Root system
7.6. Root pathogens
8. Quarantine and Disinfestation
9. Concluding Remarks and Future Directions
Acknowledgement
References
Chapter Five: Molecular Approaches for Studying Root Herbivores
1. Introduction
2. Species Interactions
2.1. Predator-prey interactions
2.2. Plant-herbivore interactions
2.3. Endosymbionts
3. Genetic Diversity
3.1. Corn rootworm
3.2. Root-associated aphids
3.3. Root weevil
3.4. Wireworms
3.5. Canegrubs
4. Species Identification and Phylogeny
4.1. Identification of larval pests
4.2. Association of life stages
4.3. Phylogenetic relationships
4.4. Distribution
4.5. Quantification
5. Summary and Focus for Future Work

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Tags: Scott N Johnson, Ivan Hiltpold, Ted CJ Turlings, Physiology, Root Herbivores