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Basic Theory in Reflection Seismology Volume 1 with MATHEMATICA Notebooks and Examples on CD ROM 1st Edition by Costain JK, Coruh C ISBN 0080370195 9780080370194

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Basic Theory in Reflection Seismology Volume 1 with MATHEMATICA Notebooks and Examples on CD ROM 1st Edition Costain J.K. Digital Instant Download

Author(s): Costain J.K., Coruh C.
ISBN(s): 9780080370194, 0080370195
Edition: 1st
File Details: PDF, 30.16 MB
Year: 2004
Language: english
SKU: EB-2269100 Category: Tags: ,

Basic Theory in Reflection Seismology Volume 1 with MATHEMATICA Notebooks and Examples on CD ROM 1st Edition by Costain JK, Coruh C – Ebook PDF Instant Download/Delivery: 0080370195, 9780080370194 
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ISBN 10: 0080370195 
ISBN 13: 9780080370194
Author: Costain JK, Coruh C

The material in this volume provides the basic theory necessary to understand the principles behind imaging the subsurface of the Earth using reflection and refraction seismology. For reflection seismology, the end product is a “record section” from a collection of “wiggly traces” that are recorded in the field from which information about the properties of subsurface structure and rock can be derived. For the most part, the principles of imaging are the same regardless of the depth to the target; the same mathematical background is necessary for targeting a shallow water table as for investigating the base of the earth’s continental “crust” at a depth of 30-50 km.

Basic Theory in Reflection Seismology Volume 1 with MATHEMATICA Notebooks and Examples on CD ROM 1st Table of contents:

  1. Complex Numbers
  2. Manipulation of Complex Numbers
  3. Real and Complex Exponentials and Trigonometric Functions
  4. Powers and Roots of a Complex Number
  5. Logarithm of a Complex Number
  6. Functions of a Complex Variable
  7. Representation of Signals by Phasors
  8. Linear Equations
  9. Fourier Transforms
  10. Introduction
  11. Signal Nomenclature
  12. FT—Continuous Time, Continuous Frequency
  13. DFS—Continuous Time, Discrete Frequency
  14. DTFT—Discrete Time, Continuous Frequency
  15. DFT—Discrete Time, Discrete Frequency
  16. Subroutine FT
  17. The Fourier Coefficients
  18. Sign Convention
  19. Determination of the Fourier Coefficients
  20. Fourier Coefficients from Linear Equations
  21. Numerical Example
  22. Fourier Coefficients from Orthogonality
  23. The Average Value of a Function
  24. Useful Integrals
  25. The Average Values of Sine and Cosine Functions, and Products of Sine and Cosine Functions over a Pe
  26. Numerical Example
  27. Dirichlet Conditions
  28. Summary
  29. Examples
  30. Sign Convention Revisited
  31. Seismogram from the Atlantic Coastal Plain
  32. Independence of the Fourier coefficients
  33. From Fourier Series to Fourier Integrals
  34. Complex Forms and Fourier Integral
  35. Computer Implementation of the Fourier Series and Fourier Integral
  36. Fast Fourier Transform
  37. Applications of Fourier Transforms
  38. Time-Shifting Theorem
  39. Implications
  40. Phase Spectrum Versus Phase Lag Spectrum
  41. Time Differentiation of the Fourier Transform
  42. Time Integration of the Fourier Transform
  43. Introduction to the Unit-Impulse Function
  44. The Sinc Function
  45. Definition of a Llinear System
  46. Impulse Response
  47. The Time-Convolution Theorem
  48. An Application of the Time-Convolution Theorem
  49. Autocorrelation and Crosscorrelation
  50. The Frequency-Convolution Theorem
  51. The Effect of the Analysis Window Revisited
  52. Hilbert Transforms
  53. Summary
  54. Hilbert Transform of a Sinusoid
  55. Fourier Sign Convention
  56. Properties of Euler Functions
  57. The Analytic Signal
  58. Mathematical Definition of Hilbert Transformation in the Time and Frequency Domains. The “Quadrature
  59. Hilbert Transform of a Seismic Trace
  60. Minimum-Phase Spectrum of a Wavelet Determined from its Known Amplitude Spectrum
  61. Mathematical Derivation of a Hilbert Transform Pair in the Frequency Domain using Continuous Functio
  62. z-Transform
  63. Factors of a Finite, Discrete Function
  64. Phase of Minimum and Maximum Delay Couplets
  65. Amplitude and Phase of a z-Transform
  66. Introduction to Filters
  67. Numerical Example
  68. Introduction to the Pole-Zero Design of Digital Filters
  69. A Notch Filter Element
  70. A Bandpass Filter
  71. Filters in Parallel
  72. Example of a Low-Pass Filter—Butterworth
  73. Computational Considerations
  74. Effect of Analysis Window on Fourier Spectrum
  75. Aliasing
  76. Sampling in the Time Domain – Aliasing in the Frequency Domain
  77. Example
  78. How to Determine if Aliasing is Present
  79. Synthetics and Velocity Functions
  80. Normal-Incidence Reflection Coefficient
  81. Example
  82. Values of Reflection Coefficients
  83. The Zoeppritz Equations
  84. Physical Significance of a Complex Reflection Coefficient
  85. AVO and Zoeppritz Equations in T-X Domain
  86. Conversion of the Zoeppritz Equations to the Time-Offset Domain
  87. Synthetic Seismograms
  88. The Reflectivity Function
  89. Velocity Functions
  90. Impulse (Thin Bed)
  91. Step
  92. Ramp
  93. Wavelet Tuning
  94. Summary of Velocity Functions
  95. Seismic Trace Attributes
  96. Traveltime Curves and Velocity
  97. Snell’s Law
  98. The Ray Parameter p
  99. Reflection Traveltime Curves
  100. Average Velocity
  101. Traveltime Equations using Lagrangian Multipliers
  102. The Root-Mean-Square Velocity
  103. Determination of Interval Velocities using Dix Equation
  104. Effect of Dip on Reflection Traveltime Curves
  105. The Normal Moveout Correction
  106. Refraction Traveltime Curves
  107. Refractions from a Single Horizontal Interface
  108. Delay Time
  109. General Expression for Delay Time
  110. Two-Layer Model
  111. General Expression for Multilayer Refraction Traveltime Curves from Horizontal Layers
  112. Reflection and Refraction Traveltime Curves Combined —Comments
  113. Effect of Dip on Refraction Traveltime Curves
  114. The Principle of Reciprocity
  115. Refraction Traveltime Curves over Various Geologic Models
  116. Dipping Plane Interfaces
  117. Linear Increase in Velocity with Depth
  118. Turning Waves
  119. Composite Refraction-Reflection Stacks
  120. Refraction Stack
  121. Composite Stack Sections
  122. Seismic Source Wavelets
  123. Energy Sources
  124. Dynamite
  125. Vibroseis
  126. DinoSeis, Thumper, and others
  127. Marine
  128. Mathematical Descriptions of Wavelets
  129. Ricker Wavelet
  130. Klauder Wavelet
  131. Comments
  132. Wavelet z—Transform Representation
  133. Physical Requirements for Real Wavelets
  134. A Simple 2-Point Wavelet
  135. Generation of Wavelets
  136. Partial Energy of a Wavelet
  137. Roots Plotted in the z-Plane
  138. Root on the Unit Circle
  139. Wavelet Shaping and Deconvolution
  140. Inverse Infinite Filters, Finite Input
  141. Inverse Filtering of a Minimum-Delay 2-Term Wavelet using z-Transforms
  142. Examples
  143. Inverse Filtering of a Maximum-Delay 2-Term Wavelet using z-Transforms
  144. Examples
  145. Inverse Filtering of a Seismic Trace using z-Transforms
  146. Inverse Finite Filters, Infinite Input
  147. Exact Filters for Wave Guides
  148. z-Transform Notation
  149. Design of General Inverse Filters using z-Transforms and Partial Fractions
  150. Inverse Filters and Input each of Finite Length
  151. General Shaping and Least-Squares Method
  152. Wavelet Shaping
  153. Examples
  154. Figure 6-2 (a) from Robinson and Treitel
  155. Figure 6-2 (b) from Robinson and Treitel
  156. Figure 6-2 (c) from Robinson and Treitel
  157. Figure 6-2 (d) from Robinson and Treitel
  158. Maximum-Delay Examples
  159. Shaping Mixed-Delay Wavelets
  160. Conclusions
  161. What about Fourier Theory?
  162. Inverse Filtering of a Vibroseis Wavelet
  163. Summary
  164. Predictive Deconvolution
  165. Design of the Predictive Deconvolution Filter
  166. Non-Spiking Deconvolution
  167. What does Predictive Deconvolution do?
  168. Predictive Deconvolution and Mixed-Delay Wavelets
  169. Deconvolution of a Seismic Trace
  170. Removal of Trace Energy After Predictive Deconvolution
  171. Effect of Design Window on Deconvolution
  172. Minimum Number of Points in the Design Window for a Non-Reverberation Trace
  173. What are the Observable Effects of Wavelet Truncation?
  174. An Alternative to Spiking Deconvolution?
  175. Thin Beds
  176. Effect of Noise on Predictive Deconvolution
  177. Reverberations
  178. Choosing the Autocorrelation Window for Removal of Reverberations by Predictive Deconvolution
  179. Long-Period Multiples
  180. Summary Guidelines for Predictive Deconvolution
  181. Predictive Deconvolution—Conclusion
  182. Spectral Whitening
  183. Stretched Automatic Gain Control
  184. Discussion
  185. Further Applications of Hilbert Transforms
  186. Relationship between the Amplitude and Phase Spectrum of a Causal Function
  187. Q
  188. Introduction
  189. Definitions
  190. Dispersion
  191. Comparison of Dispersive Phase Velocity Values of Ecevitoglu and Costain [68] with Futterman [72]
  192. Absorption
  193. Normalized Dispersion D
  194. Comparison of Dispersion D Values with Real Data
  195. A Time-Domain Method for Determination of Q

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