Advances in Agronomy 140 1st Edition by Donald L Sparks ISBN 0128046910 9780128046913

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ISBN 10: 0128046910 
ISBN 13: 9780128046913
Author: Donald L Sparks

Advances in Agronomy continues to be recognized as a leading reference and a first-rate source for the latest research in agronomy. As always, the subjects covered are varied and exemplary of the myriad of subject matter dealt with by this long-running serial.

• Maintains the highest impact factor among serial publications in agriculture
• Presents timely reviews on important agronomy issues
• Enjoys a long-standing reputation for excellence in the field

Advances in Agronomy 140 1st Table of contents:

Chapter 1: Integrated Nutrient Management for Food Security and Environmental Quality in China
1 Introduction
2 Principles of INM
2.1 Optimizing nutrient inputs and taking all possible sources of nutrients into consideration
2.2 Dynamically matching soil nutrient supply with crop requirement spatially and temporally
2.3 Effectively reducing N losses in intensive managed Chinese cropping systems
2.4 Taking all possible yield increase measures into consideration
3 Technology and Demonstration of INM in Different Cropping Systems
3.1 INM for intensive wheat and maize system
3.2 INM for paddy rice
3.3 INM for vegetable systems
3.4 INM for orchards
4 Large-Scale Dissemination of INM
5 Summary and Conclusions
Acknowledgments
References
Chapter 2: Effect of Climate Change Factors on Processes of Crop Growth and Development and Yield of
1 Introduction
2 Vegetative Development
2.1 Germination and emergence
2.2 Leaf appearance and leaf number
3 Canopy Expansion and Growth Processes
3.1 Leaf thickness
3.2 Leaf area and stem elongation
3.3 Leaf senescence
3.4 Stomatal conductance and transpiration
3.5 Photosynthesis
3.6 Net assimilation and growth rates
4 Reproductive Development and Growth
4.1 Appearance of flowers, pegs, and pods
4.2 Rate of flower production
4.3 Pollen production and viability and fruit-set
4.4 Number of pegs, pods, and seeds
4.5 Pod and seed growth rates and their size
5 Total Dry Matter, Pod, and Seed Yield
6 Harvest Index and Shelling Percentage
6.1 Harvest index
6.2 Shelling percentage
7 Root Growth and Root-to-Shoot Ratio
7.1 Root growth
7.2 Root-to-shoot ratio
8 Synthesis of the Review for Improving the CROPGRO or Other Models for Groundnut
8.1 Vegetative development
8.2 Reproductive progression
8.3 Vegetative expansion and photosynthesis processes
8.4 Pod addition, seed growth, and partitioning intensity
8.5 Climatic effects on root growth
9 Concluding Comments
Acknowledgments
References
Chapter 3: Agricultural Practices in Oil Palm Plantations and Their Impact on Hydrological Changes..
1 Introduction
2 Expansion of Oil Palm Cultivation in Indonesia and Environmental Stakes
2.1 Expansion of oil palm cultivation
2.1.1 Palm oil utilization
2.1.2 Extent of oil palm cultivation in Indonesia: 1911 to present
2.1.3 Expected future expansion of oil palm cultivation
2.2 Environmental stakes
2.2.1 Deforestation and loss of biodiversity
2.2.2 Peatland degradation
2.2.2.1 Peatland formation
2.2.2.2 Peatland ecological functions
2.2.2.3 Peatland conversion to oil palm
2.2.3 GHG emissions and carbon storage
2.2.4 Water pollution
2.2.5 Agricultural policies
2.2.6 Implications for future research
3 Oil Palm Cultivation
3.1 Climate and soil conditions
3.2 Production systems: Industrial versus smallholder plantations
3.3 Land clearing and site preparation
3.4 Water and soil management
3.5 Nutrient-demand assessment
3.6 Fertilizer management
3.6.1 Chemical fertilizer
3.6.2 Organic fertilizer
3.7 Synthesis
4 Hydrological Processes and Associated Nutrient Transfers in Oil Palm Plantations
4.1 Precipitation in Indonesia
4.2 Interception
4.3 Evapotranspiration
4.4 Soil infiltration, leaching, and groundwater quality
4.4.1 Soil infiltration
4.4.2 Leaching and groundwater quality
4.5 Surface runoff and erosion
4.6 Stream flow and stream water quality
4.6.1 Stream flow
4.6.2 Stream water quality
4.7 Synthesis
5 Conclusion
Acknowledgments
References
Chapter 4: Pathways to Agroecological Intensification of Soil Fertility Management by Smallholder…
1 Introduction: Agricultural and Soil Fertility Issues in the High Andes
1.1 Cropping systems of the Andes
1.2 Biophysical limitations and risks
1.3 Socioeconomic and cultural setting of Andean agriculture
1.4 Current challenges and emerging threats
1.5 Ecologically based intensification in the Andean context
2 Examining Soil Fertility and Management Strategies in Smallholder Systems
2.1 General concept of soil fertility
2.2 Approaches to examining soil fertility
2.2.1 Mass balance
2.2.2 Short-term nutrient dynamics and synchronization
2.2.3 Physiochemical environment of soils
2.2.4 Biological functioning of soils
2.2.5 Plant breeding for agroecological intensification and climate change
2.2.6 Spatial and temporal organization of farms
3 Additional Considerations for Soil Fertility Interventions
3.1 Need to incorporate co-limiting crop growth factors
3.2 Integrating local needs and knowledge into soil fertility research
4 Conclusions and Recommendations
4.1 Outlook for agroecological intensification in the Andean context
4.2 Recommendations for future research and interventions
Acknowledgments
References
Chapter 5: Rethinking Internal Phosphorus Utilization Efficiency…
1 Introduction
2 Defining PUE: Terms, Units, and Assumptions
2.1 Criteria with agronomic implications
2.2 Criteria with physiological implications
2.2.1 PUE at the vegetative stage
2.2.2 PUE at the reproductive stage
2.3 Defining the utilization of P as “efficiency”
3 Quantifying PUE of Crop Genotypes Using Criteria with Physiological Implications
3.1 Screening for vegetative PUE
3.1.1 Traditional screening systems
3.1.2 A modified nutrient solution screening technique to nullify differences in P uptake among geno
3.2 Screening for grain PUE
4 P-Stress Levels in Screening Studies and the Utility of PUE in Low, Medium, and High P Input Syste
4.1 P-deficient crops suffer a range of stress levels
4.2 What are the likely outcomes of improved PUE in P-deficient plants?
5 Mechanisms and Physiology of PUE
5.1 Remobilization and scavenging of P
5.2 Alternative glycolytic pathways and mitochondrial electron transport pathways
5.3 Exploiting P-deficiency stress response mechanisms
6 Conclusions and Future Prospective
6.1 PAE versus PUE-Does one offer better chances of success?
6.2 Screening methods, targets, and possible results
6.3 Marker-assisted selection-A paradigm shift in breeding suited for PUE
6.4 Remaining questions
References
Chapter 6: Computer Simulation in Plant Breeding
1 Introduction
1.1 An urgent need in plant breeding
1.1.1 Three eras in plant-breeding history
1.1.2 A gap between our knowledge and plant-breeding practice
1.2 Computer simulation
1.2.1 Origin of computer simulation
1.2.2 Classification of computer simulation
1.2.3 An example
1.3 Joining computer simulation with plant breeding
2 Applying Computer Simulation to Plant Breeding
2.1 Comparing breeding methods
2.1.1 Finding the best breeding scheme
2.1.2 Factors influencing marker-assisted selection
2.1.3 Phenotypic selection versus marker-assisted selection
2.1.4 Marker-assisted recurrent selection
2.1.5 Marker-assisted backcross
2.1.6 Genome-wide selection
2.2 Gene mapping
2.2.1 Factors influencing mapping efficiency
2.2.1.1 Population size and marker density
2.2.1.2 Missing marker information
2.2.1.3 Meta-analysis
2.2.2 Significance threshold and confidence interval
2.2.2.1 Significance threshold
2.2.2.2 Confidence interval of QTL position
2.2.3 Brief summary of mapping methods
2.2.3.1 Linkage analysis
2.2.3.2 Association mapping
2.2.3.3 Joint linkage and linkage disequilibrium mapping
2.2.3.4 Bayesian mapping
2.3 Gene network and genotype-by-environment interaction
2.3.1 E(N:K) model
2.3.2 Plant-breeding simulations with QU-GENE
2.4 Crop physiology and crop modeling
2.4.1 Crop modeling
2.4.2 Virtual plants and E-cell
2.4.3 Climate change
3 Computation and Software Issues
4 Summary and Perspectives

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