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Interfacial Chemistry of Rocks and Soils Surfactant Science 1st Edition by Noemi M Nagy, Jozsef Konya ISBN 1420091328 9781420091328

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Interfacial Chemistry of Rocks and Soils Surfactant Science 1st Edition Noemi M. Nagy Digital Instant Download

Author(s): Noemi M. Nagy, Jozsef Konya
ISBN(s): 9781420091328, 1420091328
Edition: 1
File Details: PDF, 4.72 MB
Year: 2009
Language: english
SKU: EB-1667210 Category: Tags: ,

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ISBN 10: 1420091328 
ISBN 13: 9781420091328
Author: Noemi M Nagy, Jozsef Konya

Knowledge of the basic interactions that take place between geological materials and different substances is the first step in understanding the effects of adsorption and other interfacial processes on the quality of rocks and soils, and on driving these processes towards a beneficial or neutral result. Interfacial Chemistry of Rocks and Soils examines the different processes at solid and liquid interfaces of soil and rock, presenting a complete analysis that emphasizes the importance of chemical species on these interactions.

Summarizing the results and knowledge of the authors’ research in this field over several decades, this volume:

  • Explores the individual components of the studied systems: the solid, the solution, and the interface
  • Discusses the characteristics and thermodynamics of the interface
  • Illustrates the kinetic aspects of interfacial reactions
  • Examines interfacial processes in a montmorillonite model system
  • Demonstrates transformations initiated by interfacial processes
  • Studies interfacial processes of real rock and soil solution systems
  • Outlines avenues of treatment that may solve geological, soil science, and environmental problems
  • Profiles the most important analytical methods in the study of interfacial processes

Previous books in this area typically focus on selected aspects of the subject, such as the properties of the solid phase, or the interactions of selected substances with soil/rock. This book comprehensively treats the soil-liquid-interface system. Drawn chiefly from the authors’ years of research at the Isotope Laboratory in the Department of Colloid and Environmental Chemistry at the University of Debrecen in Hungary, this book discusses chemical reactions on the surfaces/interfaces of soils and rocks; examines the role of these processes in environmental, colloid and geochemistry; and explores the effects on agricultural, environmental and industrial applications.

Interfacial Chemistry of Rocks and Soils Surfactant Science 1st Table of contents:

Chapter 1 Components of Soil- and Rock-Solution Systems
1.1 Solid: Soil and Rock
1.1.1 Mineral and Chemical Composition of Rocks and Soils
1.1.1.1 Silicates
1.1.1.2 Oxides
1.1.1.3 Other Minerals
1.1.2 Organic Matter in Soil
1.1.3 Particle and Pore Sizes, External and Internal Surfaces
1.2 Liquid: Soil and Groundwater Solutions
1.2.1 Compositions of Natural Water
1.2.2 Parameters Affecting Chemical Speciation
1.2.3 Dissolution and Precipitation of Solids
1.2.4 Properties of Very Dilute Solutions
1.3 Interface of Rock/Soil–Aqueous Solutions
1.3.1 The Structure of the Interface
1.3.2 Characterization of the Interface of Geological System/Groundwater
1.3.2.1 Characterization of External Surfaces
1.3.2.2 Characterization of Internal Surfaces
1.3.3 Interfacial Processes Related to External and Internal Surfaces
1.3.3.1 Adsorption
1.3.3.2 Ion Exchange
1.3.3.3 Precipitation
1.3.3.4 Evaluation and Separation of Interfacial Processes
1.3.4 Quantitative Treatment of Interfacial Processes
1.3.4.1 Adsorption Isotherms
1.3.4.2 Treatment of Ion Exchange Processes
1.3.4.3 Treatment of Simultaneous Ion Exchange and Adsorption Processes
1.3.4.4 Treatment of Heterogeneous Isotope Exchange
1.3.5 Catalytic Effects of Clays
1.3.6 Kinetics of Interfacial Processes in Rocks and Soils
1.3.6.1 Steps of Interfacial Reactions
1.3.6.2 Kinetics of Heterogeneous Isotope Exchange
1.3.6.3 Migration of Water-Soluble Substances in Rocks and Soils
1.3.6.4 Disposal of Nuclear Waste in Geological Formations
References
Chapter 2 Interfacial Processes in Geological Systems: Studies on Montmorillonite Model Substance
2.1 Use of Montmorillonite as a Model Substance: The Important Interfacial Processes on Montmorillonite
2.1.1 Crystal Structure and Layer Charge of Montmorillonite
2.1.2 Clay–Water Interactions
2.1.3 Edge Charges of Montmorillonite
2.1.4 Montmorillonite as a Model Substance
2.2 Cation Exchange: Outer-Sphere Complexation
2.3 Synthesis and Characterization of Cation-Exchanged Montmorillonites
2.4 Surface Acid–Base Properties of Montmorillonite
2.4.1 Formation of Edge Sites on Montmorillonite
2.4.2 Effect of Permanent Charge on the Study of Edge Charges
2.4.3 Acid–Base Properties of Cation-Exchanged Montmorillonites
2.5 Ion Adsorption on the External Surfaces
2.5.1 Some Examples of Ion Sorption Processes on Montmorillonite
2.5.1.1 Sorption of Zinc Ion on Montmorillonite
2.5.1.2 Sorption of Manganese Ion on Montmorillonite
2.5.1.3 Sorption of Palladium Ion on Montmorillonite
2.5.1.4 Sorption of Lead Ion on Montmorillonite
2.6 Separation of Interfacial Processes of Montmorillonite
2.7 Role of Hydrogen Ions in the Interfacial and Dissolution Processes of Montmorillonite
2.7.1 Effect of Hydrogen Ion on the Cation Exchange Processes
2.7.2 Acidic Destruction of Montmorillonite
2.8 Effect of Complexation Agents
2.8.1 Effect of Complex Formation in the EDTA/Ca-Montmorillonite System
2.8.2 Effect of Complex Formation in the EDTA/Ca-Montmorillonite/Manganese(II) Ion System
2.8.3 Effect of Stability Constants on the Cation Composition of the Interlayer Space
2.8.4 Effect of Complex Formation in the EDTA/Ca-Montmorillonite/Lead(II) Ion System
2.9 Sorption of Organic Matter on Minerals
2.9.1 Sorption of EDTA on Montmorillonite
2.9.2 Sorption of Valine on Montmorillonite
2.10 Transformations Initiated by Interfacial Processes of Montmorillonite
2.10.1 Oxidation of Mn(II) Ion and Formation of a Nanolayer in the Interlayer Space of Montmorillonite
2.10.2 Formation of an Iron(III) Oxidhydroxide Nanolayer in the Interlayer Space of Montmorillonite
2.10.3 Reduction of Ions
2.10.3.1 Reduction of Silver and Palladium Ion
2.10.3.2 Reduction of Fe(III) Ions
2.10.4 Heterogeneous Nucleation on Edge Site: Formation of Lead Oxide Fine Particles on the Edges of Montmorillonite
2.10.5 Lanthanide Ion Exchange: Structural Modification Due to the Exchange with Light Lanthanide and Ittrium Ions
2.10.6 Structural Change upon Heating Lanthanide-Bentonites
2.11 Effect of Chemical Modification of Bentonite on Sorption Properties: Sorption of Anions
References
Chapter 3 Interfacial Reactions at Rock and Soil Interfaces
3.1 Relationship between the Interfacial Properties and the Geological Origin of Bentonite Clay
3.1.1 Geological and Mineral Characteristics of Sajóbábony Bentonites
3.1.2 Interfacial Properties of Bentonite Samples from Sajóbábony (HU)
3.1.3 Relations of Geological Origin and Interfacial Properties
3.1.4 Applications of Bentonites of Different Interfacial Properties
3.2 Migration of Water-Soluble Substances in Rocks
3.2.1 Sorption and Migration of Carrier-Free Radioactive Isotopes in Rocks
3.2.1.1 A Model Predicting Migration Rate on the Basis of Mineral Composition
3.2.1.2 The Application of the Linear Model for the Sorption of Cs-137 and Sr-85 Ions
3.2.2 Effect of Sorption on the Migration of Ions in Bentonite
3.2.3 Effect of Precipitation in Migration
3.3 Interfacial Acid–Base Properties of Soils
3.4 Sorption of Cyanide Anion on Soil and Sediment
3.5 Sorption of Phosphate Anion on Soils
References
Chapter 4 Experimental Methods in Studying Interfacial Processes of Rocks and Soils
4.1 Analysis of the Solid Phase
4.1.1 Methods of Chemical Analyses
4.1.2 Study of Mineral Composition
4.1.3 Study of Morphology
4.1.4 Study of Soil Organic Matter
4.2 Analysis of the Liquid Phase
4.3 Study of Interfaces

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Tags: Noemi M Nagy, Jozsef Konya, Chemistry, Surfactant Science