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Communication and conflict Italian diplomacy in the early Renaissance 1350 1520 1st Edition by Isabella Lazzarini ISBN 0198727410 9780198727415

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Author(s): Lazzarini, Isabella
ISBN(s): 9780198727415, 0198727410
Edition: 1
File Details: PDF, 1.44 MB
Year: 2015
Language: english
SKU: EB-5892546 Categories: , Tags: ,

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ISBN 10: 0198727410 
ISBN 13: 9780198727415
Author: Isabella Lazzarini

Diplomacy has never been a politically-neutral research field, even when it was confined to merely reconstructing the backgrounds of wars and revolutions. In the nineteenth century, diplomacy was integral to the grand narrative of the building of the modern ‘nation-State’. This is the first overall study of diplomacy in Early Renaissance Italy since Garrett Mattingly’s pioneering work in 1955. It offers an innovative approach to the theme of Renaissance diplomacy, sidestepping the classic dichotomy between medieval and early modern, and re-considering the whole diplomatic process without reducing it to the ‘grand narrative’ of the birth of resident embassies. Communication and Conflict situates and explains the growth of diplomatic activity from a series of perspectives – political and institutional, cognitive and linguistic, material and spatial – and thus offers a highly sophisticated and persuasive account of causation, change, and impact in respect of a major political and cultural form. The volume also provides the most complete account to date of how it was that specifically Italian forms of diplomacy came to play such a central role, not only in the development of international relations at the European level, but also in the spread and application of humanism and of the new modes of political thinking and political discussion associated with the generations of Machiavelli and Guicciardini.

Communication and conflict Italian diplomacy in the early Renaissance 1350 1520 1st Table of contents:

1. DIPLOMACY AND THE ‘GENÈSE DE L’ÉTAT MODERNE’

2. RENAISSANCE ITALY: NEW APPROACHES TO DIPLOMACY
I: THE FRAMEWORK
1: The Political Geography of Italian Diplomacy
1. DIPLOMATIC INTERACTIONS
2. IDENTITIES AND CHRONOLOGIES

  • Flexible Identities

  • The Events: A Chronology of Historical Change

3. SPHERES OF ACTIVITY: ITALY AND BEYOND

  • Italy

  • Europe

  • The Church

  • Outside Europe: The Mediterranean and the Levant

  • Boundaries: Other Actors

4. CONCLUDING REMARKS: PRAXIS AND LATE DEVELOPMENTS

2: The Polygenesis of Diplomacy and the Trajectories of Change
1. PATTERNS
2. A POLYGENETIC MODEL: FORMAL DIPLOMATIC ASSIGNMENTS

  • The Fourteenth Century

  • The First Half of the Fifteenth Century

  • The Last Decades

3. MERCHANTS

  • Merchants in the Republican Regimes

  • Merchants in the Principalities

  • Interference

4. PAPAL LEGATES, NUNTII, COLLECTORS

  • The Papal Representatives

  • Rules and Practices

5. THE CHRONOLOGY OF DIPLOMATIC CHANGE

  • The Many Elements of Change

  • The Time-scale

6. CONCLUDING REMARKS: FLEXIBILITY AND MODELS

3: Sources for the Study of Diplomacy
1. LETTERS AND OTHER REPRESENTATIONS
2. RECORDS

  • Chanceries and Territorial States

  • The Records of Ambassadors

  • From Instructions to Final Reports

  • Production and Preservation

3. NARRATIVES

  • Tales

  • History Writing

  • Memoirs and Travel Journals

4. LAWS AND RULES

  • Laws

  • ‘Memoriali’ and Treatises

5. CONCLUDING REMARKS: IMAGES AND PERCEPTIONS

II: DIPLOMACY AS A POLITICAL ACTION
4: Information
1. THE VALUE OF INFORMATION
2. CONTROL AND MANIPULATION

  • Gathering and Control

  • Manipulation

3. INFORMATION NETWORKS

  • Ambassadors

  • Informers and Clients

4. INFORMATION-GATHERING, ORDERING, AND TRANSMISSION: THE TECHNIQUES

  • Gathering: Sources, Problems, and Criteria

  • The Relating of Information

  • The Management of Information

  • The Evaluation of the Data and the Role of the Writer

5. CONCLUDING REMARKS: INFORMATION AND ANXIETY

5: Negotiation
1. OLD AND NEW MEANINGS
2. GENERAL AIMS AND DAILY PRACTICES

  • Negotiation, Dialogue, and Conflict

  • Negotiation and Face-to-Face Talks

  • Pratiche and rasonamenti

3. ROLES AND PATTERNS OF INTERACTION

  • Princes and Governments

  • Rulers, Ambassadors, and the Local Political Society

4. CONCLUDING REMARKS: THE DOCUMENTARY LENSES

6: Communication
1. COMMUNICATION IN DIPLOMACY
2. COMMUNICATION NETWORKS

  • From the Peace of Sarzana (1353) to the Aftermath of the Italian League (1455): The Age of Inclusion

  • General Leagues and Particular Intelligentiae: The Age of Exclusion (1460s–1480s)

  • The 1490s to the 1520s: The Age of Crisis

3. A WEB OF WORDS

  • Concepts

  • Practices

  • Tools

4. CONCLUDING REMARKS: CONTROLLING CONFLICT, ‘THINKING’ ABOUT POLITICS

III: DIPLOMACY AS A PRACTICE
7: Diplomatic Agents: An Open Social Field
1. AN OPEN SOCIAL FIELD
2. AMBASSADORS

  • Diplomats and Chancellors

  • Qualities and Skills

  • Geopolitical Origins and Mobility

3. OCCASIONAL DIPLOMATS

  • The Clergy

  • The Captains

  • Artists, Scientists, and Merchants

4. THE GENDERED FACE OF DIPLOMACY

  • Princesses and Royal Spouses

  • Powerful Women

5. CONCLUDING REMARKS: A RECIPROCAL DUTY

8: Forms, Actions, and Rituals
1. FORMS, ACTIONS, AND RITUALS OF DIPLOMATIC INTERACTIONS
2. FORMS AND PRACTICES OF DIPLOMACY

  • Selection, Nomination, and Control

  • Formal Frameworks and Daily Actions

3. RITUAL AND HIERARCHY

  • Rituals in Diplomacy

  • Diplomats in Rituals

  • Hierarchies and Ceremonial

4. CONCLUDING REMARKS: THE OBSESSION WITH SECRECY

9: The Spaces of Diplomacy
1. THE POLITICAL AND PHYSICAL SPACES OF DIPLOMACY
2. THE SPATIAL GEOGRAPHY OF INTERACTIONS

  • Capital Cities

  • Towns and Minor Settlements

  • Occasional Places

3. CITIES AND COUNTRYSIDE: THE SPACES OF DIPLOMACY

  • In the City: Castles, Palaces, Squares, Streets

  • In the Countryside: Rural Villas, Hunting Grounds, Building Sites

4. CONCLUDING REMARKS: A WORLD ON STAGE?

IV: DIPLOMACY AS A POLITICAL LANGUAGE AND A CULTURAL PROCESS
10: The Forms of Diplomatic Communication
1. FORMS AND CODES: SPEAKING, READING, ACTIONS, WRITING
2. SPEAKING AND READING

  • Orality and Writing in Formal Audiences

  • Talking, Reading, and Writing: Code-switching in Diplomatic Dialogue

3. ACTIONS

  • Ritual Acts

  • Gestures and Signs in Negotiation

4. WRITING

  • Formal Frameworks: The Chancery Letter

  • Narrativity

  • The Pleasure of Writing

5. CONCLUDING REMARKS: THE RECORDS’ MEMORY

11: Argument and Emotion
1. ARGUMENT AND EMOTION: PERFORMATIVE CODES AND THE TRANSFORMATIVE POWER OF WORDS
2. ARGUMENTATIVE STRATEGIES OVER TIME

  • Diplomatic Reasoning and Political Debates

  • Argument over Time

  • Avignon, 1374

  • Rome, 1424

  • Rome, 1494

3. THE WORDS AND SCRIPTS OF EMOTIONS

  • The Words of Emotions: Two Case-studies

  • Emotional Sequences and Contexts: The Ambassadors’ Letters

4. CONCLUDING REMARKS: CONSTATIVE, PERFORMATIVE, OR TRANSFORMATIVE?

12: Languages, Lexeis, and Exchanges
1. TRANSFERS
2. LANGUAGES

  • Vehicular Languages and the Vernaculars

  • European Contacts

  • Negotiating in the Mediterranean

3. LEXEIS

  • The Law, the Chancery, and the Records

  • Lexeis and Genres

4. EXCHANGES

  • Diplomatic Gifts

  • A Cultural Diplomacy?

5. CONCLUDING REMARKS: THE ULTIMATE EXCHANGE

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Tags: Isabella Lazzarini, Communication, Italian diplomacy, Renaissance